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Wood Physics > Lesson 4-5 > Flashcards

Lesson 4-5 Flashcards

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1
Q

The mass per unit volume; the quantity of a matter into a unit volume of materials

A

Density

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2
Q

Relationship between the mass of the substance and how much volume it takes up

A

Density

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3
Q

The mass of atoms, their size, and how they are arranged determine the density of a substance

A

Density

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4
Q

The ratio of the oven-dry weight of wood to the weight of water with volume similar to that of the wood at specified moisture content.

A

Specific Gravity

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5
Q

The density of water w/ a temperature of ___/____ is commonly used as reference to compute SG.

A

4°C or 39°F

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6
Q

In computing the specific gravity of wood at various conditions, what is used as denominator?

A

volume of the wood

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7
Q

In computing the specific gravity what is used as numerator?

A

Oven dry weight

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8
Q

It is the material per unit volume.

A

Density

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9
Q

It is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance.

A

Specific gravity

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10
Q

What is the unit of density?

A

kg/m3 or g/cm3

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11
Q

What is the value of density?

A

Absolute value

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12
Q

What is the value of specific gravity?

A

Relative value

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13
Q

What is the nature of density?

A

A material has a unique value for density

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14
Q

What is the nature of specific gravity?

A

For solids and liquids, the ratio is measured using water as the reference substance. While for gases the ratio is measured using either hydrogen gas or normal air as the reference.

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15
Q

Reasons why we need to know specific gravity of wood and density?

A

Because it is an indicator of:
* Strength property
* Utilization value of wood
* Processing qualities of wood
* Measure of the amount of cell wall substances and the air spaces in the wood.

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16
Q

Regarded to be the most extensively used indicator of wood quality (Tesoro and Aday, 1990

A

Specific gravity

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17
Q

High specific gravity

A

=0.701 and above

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18
Q

Moderately high SG

A

= 0.601-0.700

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19
Q

Medium specific gravity

A

= 0.501-0.600

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20
Q

HSG Example

A

Molave
Yakal
Mangkono
Tindalo
Ipil

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21
Q

MHSG Example

A

Apitong
Guijo
Dao
Bagras

22
Q

MSG Example
LTPA

A

Lauan
Tangile
Palosapis
Almaciga

23
Q

What are the ways to determine SG?

A
  1. GRAVIMETRIC METHO
  2. FLOATATION METHOD
  3. MAXIMUM MC METHOD
  4. X-RAY DENSIOMETRY
    METHOD
24
Q

used to derive or determine the specific gravity of wood at various moisture contents when at least one specific gravity value at a certain moisture condition is given

A

BROWNE’S FORMULA

25
Q

A method wherein the weight and volume of regular shaped wood are
considered.

A

GRAVIMETRIC METHOD

26
Q

A method wherein the wood is allowed to float on water and submerge portion will
approximate the specific gravity.

A

FLOATATION METHOD

27
Q

A method wherein the weight and volume of regular and irregular shaped wood.

A

MAXIMUM MC METHOD

28
Q

A method wherein the wood is placed over the film and exposed to an x-ray and when the film is developed, then the specific gravity is determined.

A

X-RAY DENSIOMETRY
METHOD

29
Q

_________ and _______ provide insights into the physical properties of wood, such as strength, hardness, and durability

A

Density and Specific Gravity

30
Q

T/F Density is a dimensionless ratio that compares the density of a material to the density of water.

A

False

31
Q

If wood has a specific gravity of ____ , it means its density equals that of water.

A

1.00

32
Q

T/F Gravimetric method provides highly accurate measurements of wood density and non-destructive, preserving the integrity of
the wood sample for further analysis.

A

False

33
Q

BUOY

A

To keep afloat

34
Q

Buoyant

A

Capable of floating

35
Q

The tendency of a body to float when submerged in a fluid or the power of a liquid to exert an upward force.

A

Buoyancy

36
Q

It is the amount of force that is needed to push a piece of wood and float it in water.

A

Buoyant force of wood

37
Q

Ability of a piece of wood to float due to buoyant force that develops as a result of the difference between the density of wood and water.

A

Buoyancy

38
Q

General Rule of Buoyancy

A

The buoyant force is always present, whether the object floats, sinks, or is suspended in a fluid.

39
Q

What if the buoyant force is greater than the object’s weight?

A

The object rises to the surface and floats.

40
Q

What if the buoyant force is less than the object’s weight?

A

The object sinks.

41
Q

What if the buoyant force equals the object’s weight?

A

The object can remain suspended at its present
depth

42
Q

Weight ALWAYS acts _______. Buoyant Force (FB) always
acts ________.

A

downward, upward

43
Q

It is equal to the weight of the fluid that is displaced

A

Buoyancy

44
Q

Wood sinks if the density is

A

> 1g/cm3

45
Q

Wood is neutrally buoyant if the density is

A

=1g/cm3

46
Q

Wood floats if the density is

A

<1g/cm3

47
Q

The _______ is equal to the weight of the fluid that is displaced

A

BF

48
Q

Why ship float?

A

Because the weight of the ship is = to the Buoyant Force and Air-filled buoyancy chambers are built

49
Q

What is the use of Air-filled buoyancy chambers?

A

makes the ship less dense than the volume of water it occupies, thus enabling it to float.

50
Q

A principle that refers to the force of buoyancy that results when a body is submerged in a fluid, whether partially or
wholly.

A

ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE

51
Q

Why does a body denser than water sinks?

A

because downward force due to the weight of the body is greater than the upward force

52
Q

Factors affecting buoyancy

A

Volume of water displacement
Local Acceleration due to gravity
Density of water

Wood Physics (4 decks)

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