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Pelvic > Lesson 3.1 - Oral contraception > Flashcards

Lesson 3.1 - Oral contraception Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for using birth control (3)

A
  • menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea)
  • premenstrual syndrome
  • family planning
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2
Q

Indications for using birth control (3)

A
  • menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea)
  • premenstrual syndrome
  • family planning
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3
Q

how does the pill work (4)

A
  • Inhibition of FSH and LH, preventing ovulaiton
  • No corpus luteum to produce estrogen
  • No change in cervical mucous
  • Endometrium not thickened
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4
Q

4 different delivery systems of oral contraceptive

A
  • the pill
  • hormone injections
  • transcutaneous “patch”
  • hormone-containing implants under skin
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5
Q

complications of OC (4)

A
  • post pill amenorrhea
  • infertility
  • benign liver adenoma may hemorrhage
  • cholelithasis
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6
Q

higher risk complications of OC (3)

A
  • thromboembolus
  • stroke
  • hypertension
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7
Q

OC decreases risk of what (4)

A

ovarian cancer
endometrial cancer
ectopic pregnancy
anemia

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8
Q

what are other benefits of OC other than decreasing risk of cancer (2)

A
  • decrease in dysmenorrhea (cramps)

- decrease in functional ovarian cysts

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9
Q

How does IUD work

A

trigger “foreign body reaction” inflammatory response which prevents fertilization

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10
Q

2 main diff types of IUD

A

copper - paragard

mirena - releases progesterone

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11
Q

how do you prove correct location of IUD?

A

transvag US - transabdo can only comment it is seen

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12
Q

where should the IUD be?

A

superior aspect (fundus) within the endometrium

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13
Q

sono appearance of IUD

A

highly echogenic

posterior shadowing

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14
Q

t/f paragard is more easily visualized than mirena

A

true

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15
Q

what does the IUD look like in transverse

A

T shape at fundal aspect

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16
Q

what does the IUD look like in long axis

A

a dot

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17
Q

complications of IUD (6)

A
  • malposition
  • incomplete removal
  • located in adnexa
  • infection
  • perforation
  • pregnancy
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18
Q

pregnancy and IUD by trimester

A

1st tri - may remove

2/3rd - leave in

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19
Q

what is perimenopause characterized by,

A

ovaries produce less estrogen

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20
Q

menopause definition

A

12 months without menses

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21
Q

when does perimenopause begin and for how long

A

30s-40s

months -10 yrs (avg 4 yr)

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22
Q

symptoms related to menopause

A

hot flashes
vag dryness
night sweats

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23
Q

Hormone replacement therapy

A

supplement with estrogen alone or estro + progesterone after menopause

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24
Q

benefits of HRT (3)

A
  • helps to thicken endometrium
  • impact the way body uses calcium
  • healthy cholesterol level
25
Q

when is estrogen + progesterone combo used

A

estrogen + progesterone combination used for women who still have uterus

26
Q

why estrogen alone bad

A

increased risk of endometrial cancer

27
Q

why estrogen + progesterone used

A

taken together continuously, no bleeding

otherwise progesterone makes lining shed each month

28
Q

Risks of HRT (4)

A
  • endometrial cancer (if not taking prog)
  • stroke/clots
  • breast cancer when taking estro/progestin combo
  • heart disease
29
Q

what OC pill contains only progesterone

A

minipill

30
Q

theres an increased risk for hypertension when taking the pill in patients with what two risk factors

A

smokers

high BP

31
Q

how does the pill work (4)

A
  • Inhibition of FSH and LH, preventing ovulaiton
  • No corpus luteum to produce estrogen
  • No change in cervical mucous
  • Endometrium not thickened
32
Q

4 different delivery systems of oral contraceptive

A
  • the pill
  • hormone injections
  • transcutaneous “patch”
  • hormone-containing implants under skin
33
Q

complications of OC (4)

A
  • post pill amenorrhea
  • infertility
  • benign liver adenoma may hemorrhage
  • cholelithasis
34
Q

higher risk complications of OC (3)

A
  • thromboembolus
  • stroke
  • hypertension
35
Q

OC decreases risk of what (4)

A

ovarian cancer
endometrial cancer
ectopic pregnancy
anemia

36
Q

what are other benefits of OC other than decreasing risk of cancer (2)

A
  • decrease in dysmenorrhea (cramps)

- decrease in functional ovarian cysts

37
Q

How does IUD work

A

trigger “foreign body reaction” inflammatory response which prevents fertilization

38
Q

2 main diff types of IUD

A

copper - paragard

mirena - releases progesterone

39
Q

how do you prove correct location of IUD?

A

transvag US - transabdo can only comment it is seen

40
Q

where should the IUD be?

A

superior aspect (fundus) within the endometrium

41
Q

sono appearance of IUD

A

highly echogenic

posterior shadowing

42
Q

t/f paragard is more easily visualized than mirena

A

true

43
Q

what does the IUD look like in transverse

A

T shape at fundal aspect

44
Q

what does the IUD look like in long axis

A

a dot

45
Q

complications of IUD (6)

A
  • malposition
  • incomplete removal
  • located in adnexa
  • infection
  • perforation
  • pregnancy
46
Q

pregnancy and IUD by trimester

A

1st tri - may remove

2/3rd - leave in

47
Q

what is perimenopause characterized by,

A

ovaries produce less estrogen

48
Q

menopause definition

A

12 months without menses

49
Q

when does perimenopause begin and for how long

A

30s-40s

months -10 yrs (avg 4 yr)

50
Q

symptoms related to menopause

A

hot flashes
vag dryness
night sweats

51
Q

Hormone replacement therapy

A

supplement with estrogen alone or estro + progesterone after menopause

52
Q

benefits of HRT (3)

A
  • helps to thicken endometrium
  • impact the way body uses calcium
  • healthy cholesterol level
53
Q

when is estrogen + progesterone combo used

A

estrogen + progesterone combination used for women who still have uterus

54
Q

why estrogen alone bad

A

increased risk of endometrial cancer

55
Q

why estrogen + progesterone used

A

taken together continuously, no bleeding

otherwise progesterone makes lining shed each month

56
Q

Risks of HRT (4)

A
  • endometrial cancer (if not taking prog)
  • stroke/clots
  • breast cancer when taking estro/progestin combo
  • heart disease
57
Q

what OC pill contains only progesterone

A

minipill

58
Q

theres an increased risk for hypertension when taking the pill in patients with what two risk factors

A

smokers

high BP

Pelvic (7 decks)

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