Lesson 3: Prokaryotes' and Eukaryotes' Flashcards
What is the basic unit of every living organism on Earth?
The cell.
How do cells combine to form tissues?
Cell + cell = tissue
How do tissues combine to form organs?
Tissue + tissue = organ
How do organs combine to form organ systems?
Organ + organ = organ system
How do organ systems combine to form organisms?
Organ system + organ system = organism
How do populations combine to form ecosystems?
Population + population = ecosystem
How do ecosystems combine to form the biosphere?
Ecosystem + ecosystem = biosphere
What is the cycle cell to biosphere?
Cell - Tissue - Organ- Organ System - Organism - Population - Ecosystem - Biosphere
What Greek word does “prokaryote” come from and what does it mean?
It comes from ‘pro’ meaning “before” and ‘karyon’ meaning “kernel” or nucleus. It evolves firstly.
What Greek word does “eukaryote” come from and what does it mean?
It comes from ‘eu’ meaning “true” and ‘karyon’ meaning “kernel” or nucleus. It contains true nucleus.
Where is DNA located in prokaryotes?
In the nucleoid region, which is coiled at the center.
Where is DNA located in eukaryotes?
In the nucleus, a specific organelle.
In order for a cell to reproduce it should have or contain?
DNA/genetic material
What is the role of ribosomes in cells?
Ribosomes are responsible for creating proteins.
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
It acts as the gate of the cell, separating the cell from its surroundings.
What is the cytoplasm?
The jelly-like structure where all other parts of the cell are placed.
What are some characteristics of prokaryotes?
- Do not have a nucleus
- Single loop of DNA
- Cell wall is present
- No mitochondria
- Unicellular
- Circular DNA
- Binary fission for cell division.
What are some characteristics of eukaryotes?
- Have a nucleus
- Non-loop DNA
- Cell wall may be present or absent
- Have mitochondria
- Can be unicellular or multicellular
- Linear DNA
- Mitosis for cell division.
Why do prokaryotic cells need motility?
To move and navigate their environment.
What are prokaryotes made up of?
Prokaryotes are made up of simple parts.
What is the nucleoid region in prokaryotes?
It is the area where the DNA is located; some prokaryotes do not have circular DNA in this region.
What is the role of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?
Ribosomes are the site for protein synthesis.
What is the function of the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?
It protects the cell from the outside environment.
What is the cell wall in prokaryotic cells made of?
It is made up of a polysaccharide called peptidoglycan.
