Lesson 3- mutli store model

Question 1

msm

Answer 1

developed by Atkinson and Shiffrin 1968, attempts to explain how info flows from one memory store to another, three permanent structures, each differs

Question 2

msm sensory register

Answer 2

environmental stimuli received through senses enters SR, short duration store retaining unprocessed impressions of info received, separate sensory store for each input; echoic/iconic
small fraction of info received is attented to and selected for further processing in stm, if not lost to decay
unlimited, 250 ms

Question 3

msm stm

Answer 3

if attented to in sr info is acoustically coded into stm, temporary store for info received from sr before transferred to ltm, info may be recalled at this point and then forgotten before transfer to ltm
info can be kept in stm using maintenance rehearsal, known as rehearsal loop, sufficient/elaborate rehearsal means info can be transferred to ltm
limited capacity 7 +- 2 so info can be displaced by new incoming info, 18-30 secs

Question 4

msm ltm

Answer 4

sufficiently rehearsed info is semantically coded into ltm, permanent store holding vast amounts of info for long periods of time
when info in ltm is needed it is retrieved by stm thenrecalled, sometimes cannot access info from ltm due to retrieval failure, may need retrieval cues to help access it
potentially infinite, potentially lifetime

Question 5

msm evaluation

Answer 5

-Scoville 1957 attempted to treat HMs epilepsy by removing several brain areas including hippocampus, resulted in patient being unable to code new ltm memories althought stm was unaffected, supports separate stm and ltm
-Shallice and warrington 1970 reported KF motorbike accident, had reduced stm capacity of only one or two digits and ltm was normal,
however, had poor stm for verbal tasks but not visual, more than one type of stm, also says ltm are retrieved by stm so if stm damaged should be difficult to retrieve ltm
-Murdock 1962 gave participants a long list of words to recall in any order, free recall experiment, words at beginning and end recalled better- serial position effect, primacy/recency effect
-oversimplified in assuming only one type of stm, research suggests several types of stm eg verbal/non verbal info, and several types of ltm
-Baddeley and Hitch 1974 calimed msm could not explain ability to multi task, if only one type of stm multi tasking would not be possible yet people do it all the time