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GENERAL ZOOLOGY (PRELIM) > Lesson 3: Microscope & The Animal Cell > Flashcards

Lesson 3: Microscope & The Animal Cell Flashcards

1
Q

an instrument that magnifies an object

A

Microscope

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2
Q

Micro means

A

Small

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3
Q

Scope means

A

to look at

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4
Q

Photographs of cells are taken with a microscope and these images can also be called ____

A

micrographs

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5
Q

2 parameters that are important in microscopy

A
  1. Magnification
  2. Resolving power
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6
Q

The process of enlarging an object in appearance

A

Magnification

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7
Q

The ability of a microscope to distinguish two adjacent structures as separate: the higher the resolution, the better the clarity and detail of the image

A

Resolving power

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8
Q

_____ lenses are used for study of small objects

A

Oil immersion

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9
Q

magnification is usually increased to _____

A

1,000 times

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10
Q

Also called student microscope

A

Simple compound microscope

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11
Q

Light microscopes commonly used in the laboratory to magnify up to approximately _____

A

400 times

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12
Q

It uses a beam of electrons

A

Electron microscope

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13
Q

These parts are what hold up everything else of a device; They are the only sturdy parts of microscope

A

Structural components

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14
Q

Holding up the entire microscope on top

A

Base or foot

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15
Q

A small vertical part that projects out of the flat base

A

Piller

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16
Q

This is the one of the most iconic parts of a microscope

A

Arm

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17
Q

a hallow tube that holds up all the optical parts of the microscope

A

Body

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18
Q

it has a lot of moving parts; and these parts fall into this category

A

Mechanical parts

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19
Q

This is the rectangular solid part on which the specimen slide is placed

A

Stage

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20
Q

you can use this to securely hold the slide in places so that it doesn’t accidentally move

A

Clips or stage clips

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21
Q

It is necessary to have control over how much light is passed through the aperture or else either your eyes may get damaged or you won’t see anything

A

Diaphragm

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22
Q

Hanging from the lower end of the body tube, there is a circular rotating platform that can hold different kinds of objective lenses

A

Nose piece

23
Q

They are the most used parts of a microscope; they move the lens assembly up and down

A

Adjustment knobs

24
Q

These are the parts that create the image of the specimen that you will see at the end

A

Optical parts

25
Q

This is the source of light placed below the stage

A

Illuminator or mirror

26
Q

This is just a broad lens right under the diaphragm that focuses the light coming from the mirror (or bulb) and focuses it sharply right through the narrow hole of the aperture

A

Condenser

27
Q

This is the lens at the very top of the microscope, through which you look inside

A

Ocular or eyepiece

28
Q

The most important and vital part, the main lens assembly, without which a microscope cannot function in any way

A

Objectives

29
Q

Study of cells

A

Cytology

30
Q

Who responsible for naming cells?

A

Robert Hooke

31
Q

A dutch microscope maker and was first to view organism( living things) in 1673

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

32
Q

he concluded that plants were made of cells also he is a cofounder of the cell theory
(German botanist)

A

Matthias Schleiden

33
Q

He concluded that all animals were made of cells; also cofounded the cell theory
(German zoologist)

A

Theodore Schwann

34
Q

In 1855, he reasoned that all cells come from other pre existing cells by division
(German medical doctor)

A

Rudolph Virchow

35
Q

Cell theory states that:

A
  1. All living things are made of cells
  2. Basic unit of life
  3. Cell division
36
Q

The combined work of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow

A

Cell Theory

37
Q

In 1970, American biologist, provided evidence that some organelles within cells were at one time free living cells themselves

A

Lynn Margulis

38
Q

3 basic types of cells

A
  1. Animal cell
  2. Plant cell
  3. Bacterial cell
39
Q

Largest cell in the human body; seen without the aid of a microscope

A

Female egg

40
Q

Composed of one cell

A

Unicellular

41
Q

Composed of many cells that may organize into tissues

A

Multicellular

42
Q

Cell specialization

A

Differentiation

43
Q

Specialized animal cells

A

• Muscle cells
• Red blood cells
• Cheek cells

44
Q

Nonliving levels:

A
  1. Atom
  2. Molecule
  3. Organelles
45
Q

Living levels:

A
  1. Cell
  2. Tissue
  3. Organ
  4. Organ systems
  5. Organism
46
Q

Living levels continued:
1. One species in an area
2. Several populations in an area
3. Forest, prairie
4. Tundra, tropical rainforest
5. All living and non living things on earth

A
  1. Population
  2. Community
  3. Ecosystem
  4. Biome
  5. Biosphere
47
Q

Simplest type of cell

A

Prokaryotes

48
Q

Most complex cell

A

Eukaryotes

49
Q

Basic cell structure of eukaryotic cells

A
  1. Nucleus
  2. Cell membrane
  3. Cytoplasm with organelles
50
Q

2 main types of eukaryotic cells

A
  1. Animal cell
  2. Plant cell
51
Q

Very small (microscopic) found in the cytoplasm

A

Organelles

52
Q

Types of Electron microscope

A

Scanning microscope
Transmission microscope

53
Q

Hole in the center of stage

A

Aperture

54
Q

It is the bigger knob, moves the lenses a lot

A

Coarse adjustment

GENERAL ZOOLOGY (PRELIM) (3 decks)

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