lesson 3 Local and global communication in multicultural settings

Question 1

set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that characterizes an institution or organization.

set of values, conventions, or social practices associated with a particular field, activity, or societal characteristic.

Answer 1

culture

Question 2

When a person from one culture sends a message to a person from another culture, cross-cultural communication takes place.

Continually involves misunderstanding caused by misperception, misinterpretation, and misevaluation.

Answer 2

Cross-Culture Communication

Question 3

the increasing economic, political, and cultural integration and interdependence of diverse cultures—-the worldwide integration of humanity

Answer 3

Globalization

Question 4

requires that we pay attention to a
related concept—diversity— the recognition and valuing of difference, encompassing such factors as age, language, gender, race, ethnicity, ability,
religion, education, marital status, sexual orientation, and income

Answer 4

Globalization

Question 5

In Globalization and Communication, there are encompassing factors such as:

Answer 5

age
language
gender
race
ethnicity
ability
religion
education
marital status
sexual orientation
income

Question 6

What are the core cultural dimentions in cultural background affect how individuals view the world, what they value, and they interact with others.

Answer 6

Ethnicity and Race
Gender Roles
Age
Physical Disability

Question 7

refers to a national and racial group

Answer 7

Ethnicity

Question 8

It is defined as people who share the same language, history, and characteristics or who have similar physical characteristics.

Even in unintentional, such labelling can be a barrier to communcation.

Answer 8

Race

Question 9

refers to a national and racial group

It is defined as people who share the same language, history, and characteristics or who have similar physical characteristics.
Even in unintentional, such labelling can be a barrier to communcation.

Answer 9

Ethnicity and Race

Question 10

within cultural groups, societal expectations affect how men and women interact with one another.
Cultural attitudes toward the appropriate roles of men and women vary markedly throughout the world.
Although not always true, men and women tend to communicate in different ways.

Answer 10

Gender Roles

Question 11

Individuals’ ages and stages of life affect not only how they perceive the world around them and what they value but also how others perceive them.

Cultures tend to associate different ages with special roles in society.

An individual’s life stage affects his or her interests.

Age may affect the message received but avoid emphasizing age or age-related activities.

Answer 11

Age Diversity

Question 12

Individuals with physical limitations are sometimes patronized or avoided, usually because of the visibility of their difficulty and a lack of awareness of how to interact with them.

Answer 12

Physical Disability

Question 13

a person with disability is a person. They have the same variety of feelings, attitudes, and behaviors as persons without disabilities. Treat people with disabilities with the same dignity and respect as you treat those without disabilities.

Answer 13

Physical Disability

Question 14

Refers to a national or racial group.

Answer 14

Ethnicity

Question 15

Is deined as people who share the same language, history, and characteristics or who have similar physical characteristics..

Answer 15

Race

Question 16

Within cultural groups, social expectations affect how men and women interact with one another.

cultural attitudes towards the appropriate roles of men and women vary markedly throughout the world.

althought not always true, men and women tends to communicate in different ways.

Answer 16

Gender Roles

Question 17

two types of communication barriers

Answer 17

Cultural Relativism
Ethnocentrism

Question 18

Compares the values and behaviors of different cultures and usually means judging them against standards of right and wrong for your own culture

Answer 18

Cultural Relativism

Question 19

Compares the values and behaviors of different cultures and usually means judging them against standards of write and wrong for your own culture

Answer 19

Cultural Relativism

Question 20

Is the inherent belief that your own culture traditions and values are correct superior

Answer 20

Ethnocentrism

Question 21

A particular culture may generally exhibit similar behaviors or characteristics, this does not mean all individuals in that culture are alike.

Answer 21

Lack of knowledge and understanding of culture

Question 22

when they assume that behaviors or characteristics typical of a particular culture define all member of that cultural groups.

Answer 22

Stereotypes

Question 23

It is showing favoritism toward of prejudiced rejection of people because of differences.

Answer 23

Discrimination and Harassment

Question 24

it is a practices include failing to hire or promote individuals from a protected group, making arbitrary or capricious decisions that adversely affect their employment

Answer 24

Discrimination and Harassment

Question 25

It is unwelcome behavior of a sexual nature or a sexual overtones. it may for men as well as women and even the members of the LGBT community

Answer 25

Sexual Harassment

Question 26

a barrier to communication. An increase in multicultural interactions present language challenges. When organizations communicate with large numbers of people who speak languages other than English---- employees, clients, customers, suppliers, and government personnel--- misunderstandings can occur.

Answer 26

Language

Question 27

refers to the process of communication that takes place between people of different cultural backgrounds, whether they are from different countries or different subcultures within the same country.

Answer 27

Intercultural Communication

Question 28

their are challenges of intercultural Communication

Answer 28

1. words may have different meanings and connotations 2. words have mental associations for native speakers 3. non-verbal expressions could be misinterpreted outside of context.

Question 29

Being aware that cultures vary and that it has a great impact on communication raises a questions how to manage interactions across cultures.

Answer 29

Intercultural Competence

Question 30

the only means whereby we can move beyond cultural differences in order to succeed in intercultural interactions.

Answer 30

intercultural communication

Question 31

Intercultural competence implies two levels of intercultural communication.

Answer 31

Intercultural Communication Intergroup Communication

Question 32

focused on identities of and relationships between the persons interacting

Answer 32

Interpersonal Communication

Question 33

Focused on identities of and relationships between the represented groups

Answer 33

Intergroup Communication

Question 34

this are two parameters which are intrinsically linked.

Answer 34

knowledge and communication

Question 35

knowledege and communiction are two parameters which are intrisically linked.

Answer 35

The higher the level of knowledge, the greater the level of communications The greater the communications, the more knowledge increases.

Question 36

The multicultural communication guidelines

Answer 36

1. understand your own culture 2. keep an open mind and respect diversity 3. identify and adapt to language differences

Question 37

Improve communication with others by increasing awareness of your own culture and its influences on your beliefs, values, and behavior patterns.

Answer 37

understanding your own culture

Question 38

Learn about other cultures, beliefs, and customs without judging them by your own cultural identity and unexamined biases.

Answer 38

keep an open mind and respect diversity

Question 39

If you are communicating with persons from another culture, learn how that culture’s verbal and nonverbal languages differ from your own. Be sensitive and considerate of other’s beliefs.

Answer 39

Identify and adapt to language differences

Question 40

In language register the variety of language is determined by:

Answer 40

Audience Topic Purpose Location

Question 41

five types of language register

Answer 41

1. Static register 2. Formal register 3. Consultative register 4. Casual register 5. Intimate register

Question 42

This style rarely or never changes. Language is like frozen in time.

Answer 42

Static Register

Question 43

Used in formal settings and is one-way in nature; usually impersonal; technical or academic vocabulary.

Answer 43

Formal Register

Question 44

The standard form of communication, this is used when consulting an expert and the language is more precise.

Answer 44

Consultative Register

Question 45

The standard form of communication, this is used when consulting an expert and the language is more precise.

Answer 45

Consultative Register

Question 46

Informal language or conversational - intone; used by peers and friends; slays, vulgarities are normal.

Answer 46

Casual Register

Question 47

Private communication; reserved for family members or intimate people; best avoided in public and professional situation.

Answer 47

Intimate Register

Question 48

Critical readers, thinkers, and writers get intellectually involved. They recognize that meanings and values are made, not found, so they pose pertinent questions, note significant features, examine relationships, and consider credibility of what they read, see, and hear.

Answer 48

Evaluating Messages and Images

Question 49

refers to works that readers, viewers, or listeners invest with meaning that can be critically analyzed. These texts can also be termed as messages.

Answer 49

Text

Question 50

can support reading and help make meaning of text.

Answer 50

Visual Information

Question 51

Help the reader read and understand texts. The world today are increasing and becoming important as most information is presented as combination of words and images. It is essential that you as students not only have the capacity to derive literal meaning from texts but also to develop an understanding of how the texts are produced.

Answer 51

Visual Images

Question 52

The ability to decode, interpret, create, question, challenge, and evaluate texts that communicate with visual images as well as, or rather than, words. interpret the purpose and intended meaning, and evaluate the form, structure and features of the text.

Answer 52

Visual Literacy

Question 53

Texts can be based on either fact or fiction. The use of language depends on shared cultural understandings. A text may have different meanings to different people.

Answer 53

Contextual Understanding

Question 54

Types of Critical Evalutaion of Messages and Images

Answer 54

1. texts or messages 2. visual

Question 55

Be skeptical. Just because something is in print does not mean that it is true. A visual text may be represented in different contexts, or appropriated for different purposes or effects, especially in advertising. Whenever possible, ask questions about the following: Writer, Purpose, Audience, Content, Context

Answer 55

Texts and Messages

Question 56

In texts or messages possible questions are ask about the following:

Answer 56

Writer Purpose Audience Content Context

Question 57

Who wrote this piece? Who is the writer’s employer? What is the writer’s occupation? Age? What are his interests and values?

Answer 57

Writer

Question 58

What do the title and first and last paragraphs (if there is) tell you about the purpose of this piece? Do the headings provide clues? What might have motivated the writer to write this?

Answer 58

Purpose

Question 59

Whom do you think the writer is trying to inform or persuade? What kind of knowledge the writer expects his or her audience to have? Is the writer addressing you or people like you?

Answer 59

Audience

Question 60

What does the title tell you the piece is about? Does the first paragraph (if longer) include the main point? What do the headings tell you about the gist of the piece? Does the conclusion (if there is) say what the writer has focused on?

Answer 60

Content

Question 61

When was the piece published? Is it current? Does the date matter? What kind of publication was it? (book, article in a periodical, web page, advertisement, etc.) Where and by whom was it published? If it has been published electronically, was it posted by the writer? by an organization with a special interest?

Answer 61

Context

Question 62

is an important step in evaluating an image and understanding its meaning. It is also important to consider textual information provided with the image, the image source and original context of the image, and the technical quality of the image.

Answer 62

Visual or Visual Analysis

Question 63

in visual might ask questions that follows;

Answer 63

Content Context Visual Image Technical Quality

Question 64

What do you see? What is the image about? Are there people in the image? What are they doing? How are they presented? Can the image be looked at different ways? How effective is the image as a visual message?

Answer 64

Content

Question 65

How is the image composed? What is in the background, and what is in the foreground? What are the most important visual elements in the image? How can you tell? How is color used? Can the image be looked at different ways? What meanings are conveyed by design choices?

Answer 65

Visual

Question 66

In what context does the visual appear? What information accompanies the image? Does the meaning of the text change on how you see the image? How? Is the textual information intended to be factual and to inform? Does it answer the questions Where, How, Why, and For whom was the image made?

Answer 66

Context

Question 67

Is it a representation of a real event, person, or thing, or is it fictional? What does the visual depict? Is the visual accompanied by audio or printed text? Where did you find the image? What information does the source provide about the origin of the image? Is the source reliable and trustworthy?

Answer 67

Image

Question 68

Is the image large enough to suit your purposes? Are the color, light, and balance true? Is the image a quality digital image, without pixilation or distortion? Is the image in a file format you can use? Are there copyright or other use restrictions you need to consider?

Answer 68

Technical Quality

Question 69

The concept refers to the integration of different modes of text to create meaning and to convey messages. This approach takes into account how semiotic systems fulfill the purposes of the text, the audience and context, and how these choices work together in the organization and development of information and ideas.

Answer 69

Multimodality

Question 70

Types of multimodal texts combine two or more semiotic systems.

Answer 70

Linguistic Visual Audio Spatial Gestural

Question 71

can be delivered via different media or technologies. They may be live, physical (printed paper), or digital (electronic). Given that there are more elements involved (contextual, movement, and inevitable surrounding images and advertisements)

Answer 71

Multimodal Text

Question 72

is far more complex than static printed text.

Answer 72

Electronic Text

Question 73

Ideas put forward for consideration that say, “Here is a solution to the problem” or “This is what ought to be done. Arguments to persuade others to see a problem in a particular way and to accept your solution to the problem.

Answer 73

Proposal

Question 74

what are the key features of proposal

Answer 74

A well-defined problem A recommended solution A convinced argument Anticipate Questions A call to action An appropriate tone

Question 75

Any written proposal must established at the outset that there is a problem --- and that it’s serious enough to require a solution.

Answer 75

A well-Defined Problem

Question 76

Once you have defined the problem, you need to describe the solution you are suggesting and to explain it in enough detail for readers to understand what you are proposing.

Answer 76

A recommended solution

Question 77

for your proposed solution. You need to convince the readers that your solution is feasible --- and that it is the best way to solve the problem. Sometimes you’ll want to explain in detail the steps needed to enact a proposal.

Answer 77

A convinced argument

Question 78

You may need to consider any questions readers may have about your proposal--- and to show how its advantages outweigh any disadvantages.

Answer 78

Anticipated questions

Question 79

The goal of a proposal is to persuade readers to accept your proposed solution. This solution may include asking readers to take action.

Answer 79

A call to action

Question 80

Since you’re trying to persuade readers to act, your tone is important --- readers will always react better to a reasonable, respectful presentation than to anger or self-righteousness.

Answer 80

An appropriate tone