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Computer Hardware Fundamentals > LESSON 3: COMPUTER PARTS 1 > Flashcards

LESSON 3: COMPUTER PARTS 1 Flashcards

1
Q

is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems.

A

MOTHERBOARD

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2
Q

Purpose of a Motherboard

A

It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system

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3
Q

Basic Components of a Motherboard

A

CPU Socket
* RAM Slots
* Expansion Slots (PCIe, PCI, etc.)
* Storage Interfaces (SATA, M.2, etc.)
* Power Connectors
* Input/Output Ports (USB, HDMI, Ethernet, etc.)
* Chipsets

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4
Q

contains one or more mechanical components providing mechanical
and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board.

This allows for placing and replacing
the central processing unit without soldering.

A

CPU SOCKET

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5
Q

TWO Types of CPU Socket

A

PGA (Pin Grid Array)

LGA (Line Grid Array)

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6
Q

are often found in pairs and are sometimes color-coded for identification.

A

RAM SLOTS

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7
Q

is a socket on a computer motherboard that allows you to add additional components to your
system.

A

EXPANSION SLOTS

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8
Q

These slots are used to expand the capabilities of your computer and can be used to add new functionality to your system.

A

EXPANSION SLOTS

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9
Q

TYPES OF EXPANSION SLOTS

A
  • Peripheral component interconnect (PCI)
  • PCI express (PCIe)
  • Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
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10
Q

is a type of slot that allows you to add additional
cards to your computer system.

A

Peripheral component interconnect (PCI)

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11
Q

These slots are typically used to add sound cards, network cards, or other types of interface cards.

A

Peripheral component interconnect (PCI)

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12
Q

is a newer type of slot that allows for faster data transfer rates than the older peripheral component interconnect (PCI) slots. P

A

PCI express (PCIe)

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13
Q

are typically used to add graphics cards and other highperformance cards to a computer system.

A

PCI express (PCIe)

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14
Q

is a type of slot that is specifically designed for graphics cards.

A

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

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15
Q

These slots offer faster data transfer rates than standard peripheral component interconnect (PCI) slots and are
typically used to add high-performance graphics cards to a computer system.

A

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

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16
Q

refer to the methods by which storage devices such as hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives
(SSDs), and optical drives are connected to a computer’s motherboard.

A

Storage Interfaces

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17
Q

TYPES OF STORAGE INTERFACES

A
  • SATA (Serial ATA):
  • M.2 (formerly known as NGFF - Next Generation Form Factor):
  • IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
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18
Q

are essential for supplying electricity from the power supply unit (PSU) to various components, ensuring proper operation.

A

POWER CONNECTORS

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19
Q

TYPES OF POWER CONNECTORS

A
  • ATX Power Connector (24-pin):
  • CPU Power Connector (4-pin or 8-pin)
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20
Q

acts as an interface between the computer and external devices like printers, modems, etc.

A

CONNECTION POINTS

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21
Q

TYPES OF Input/Output Ports

A
  • USB (Universal Serial Bus)
  • HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)
  • Display Port
  • Ethernet (RJ-45)
  • Audio Ports
  • Thunderbolt
  • PS/2
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22
Q

are versatile and widely used for connecting a variety of devices, including keyboards, mice, printers,
external storage drives, smartphones, and more.

A

USB ports

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23
Q

is a newer connector type that offers higher data transfer speeds, higher power delivery, and reversible
plug orientation.

A

USB-C

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24
Q

are used for connecting displays such as monitors, TVs, and projectors to the computer.

A

HDMI ports

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25
Q

is another digital display interface commonly found on computers and monitors

A

Display Port

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26
Q

supports higher resolutions, refresh rates, and color depths compared to HDMI.

A

Display Port

27
Q

known as LAN (Local Area Network) ports or RJ-45 ports, are used for connecting
computers to wired networks.

A

Ethernet ports

28
Q

provide reliable and high-speed network connectivity, making them essential for internet access
and local network communication.

A

Ethernet ports

29
Q

include headphone jacks, microphone jacks, and line-in/line-out ports for audio input and output.

A

Audio ports

30
Q

offer high-speed data transfer and video output capabilities.

A

Thunderbolt ports

31
Q

combines PCIe and DisplayPort protocols, allowing for versatile connectivity with various devices,
including external storage drives, displays, and docking stations.

A

Thunderbolt ports

32
Q

are older legacy ports used for connecting keyboards and mice to the computer.

A

PS/2 ports

33
Q

is a collection of integrated circuits (chips) on the motherboard that manages data flow between the CPU, memory, and peripherals.

A

Chipsets

34
Q

serve as the “traffic controller” of the motherboard

A

Chipsets

35
Q

Functions of Chipsets:

A

Control and Management

Interface Support

Overclocking Support

Power Management

Integrated Graphics

Compatibility

36
Q

Types of Chipsets:

A

Northbridge
Southbridge
Integrated Chipsets

37
Q

handles communication between the CPU, memory, and PCIe slots.

A

Northbridge

38
Q

manages communication between the CPU, storage devices, USB ports, audio controllers, and other peripherals.

It handles lower-speed I/O
functions compared to the Northbridge.

A

Southbridge

39
Q

offer simplified motherboard designs and reduced power consumption.

A

Integrated Chipsets

40
Q

Motherboard Form Factors

A

ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended):
Micro ATX (mATX):
Mini ITX:
Extended ATX (EATX):

41
Q

is one of the most common motherboard form factors used in desktop computers.

A

ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)

42
Q

typically measure 12 inches by 9.6 inches (305 mm by 244 mm)

A

ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended):

43
Q

is a smaller form factor compared to ATX, suitable for compact desktop systems.

A

Micro ATX

44
Q

is the smallest mainstream motherboard form factor, designed for ultra-compact and space-constrained
systems.

A

Mini ITX

45
Q

is a larger form factor designed for high-end desktop systems with extensive expansion
capabilities.

A

Extended ATX (EATX)

46
Q

typically measuring 12 inches by 13 inches

A

Extended ATX (EATX)

47
Q

is the primary processing unit of a computer, responsible for executing instructions
and performing calculations.

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

48
Q

is volatile memory used by the CPU to store data and program instructions that are
actively being used.

A

Random Access Memory (RAM)

48
Q

consists of an arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

49
Q

provides fast access to data for the CPU

A

Random Access Memory (RAM)

50
Q

is temporary storage, meaning its contents are lost when the computer is powered off.

A

Random Access Memory (RAM)

51
Q

refers to the rate at which data can be read or written

A

RAM speed

52
Q

are used to store data and programs

A

Storage devices

53
Q

use flash memory and have no moving parts,

A

Solid State Drives (SSDs)

53
Q

use rotating magnetic disks to store data

A

Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)

54
Q

Other storage technologies

A

optical drives

55
Q

converts AC power from the wall outlet into DC power

A

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

56
Q

provides power to the motherboard

A

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

57
Q

is responsible for rendering images and graphics.

A

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

58
Q

accelerates the rendering of 2D and 3D graphics

A

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

59
Q

are crucial for maintaining optimal operating temperatures for internal components.

A

Cooling systems

60
Q

include heat sinks, fans, and sometimes liquid cooling solutions

A

Cooling systems

61
Q

are used to interconnect internal components and peripherals.

A

Cables and Connectors LIKE SATA CABLES

62
Q
A

Computer Hardware Fundamentals (3 decks)

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