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Computer Hardware Fundamentals > LESSON 3: COMPUTER PARTS 1 > Flashcards

LESSON 3: COMPUTER PARTS 1 Flashcards

1
Q

is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems.

A

MOTHERBOARD

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2
Q

Purpose of a Motherboard

A

It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system

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3
Q

Basic Components of a Motherboard

A

CPU Socket
* RAM Slots
* Expansion Slots (PCIe, PCI, etc.)
* Storage Interfaces (SATA, M.2, etc.)
* Power Connectors
* Input/Output Ports (USB, HDMI, Ethernet, etc.)
* Chipsets

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4
Q

contains one or more mechanical components providing mechanical
and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board.

This allows for placing and replacing
the central processing unit without soldering.

A

CPU SOCKET

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5
Q

TWO Types of CPU Socket

A

PGA (Pin Grid Array)

LGA (Line Grid Array)

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6
Q

are often found in pairs and are sometimes color-coded for identification.

A

RAM SLOTS

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7
Q

is a socket on a computer motherboard that allows you to add additional components to your
system.

A

EXPANSION SLOTS

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8
Q

These slots are used to expand the capabilities of your computer and can be used to add new functionality to your system.

A

EXPANSION SLOTS

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9
Q

TYPES OF EXPANSION SLOTS

A
  • Peripheral component interconnect (PCI)
  • PCI express (PCIe)
  • Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
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10
Q

is a type of slot that allows you to add additional
cards to your computer system.

A

Peripheral component interconnect (PCI)

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11
Q

These slots are typically used to add sound cards, network cards, or other types of interface cards.

A

Peripheral component interconnect (PCI)

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12
Q

is a newer type of slot that allows for faster data transfer rates than the older peripheral component interconnect (PCI) slots. P

A

PCI express (PCIe)

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13
Q

are typically used to add graphics cards and other highperformance cards to a computer system.

A

PCI express (PCIe)

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14
Q

is a type of slot that is specifically designed for graphics cards.

A

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

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15
Q

These slots offer faster data transfer rates than standard peripheral component interconnect (PCI) slots and are
typically used to add high-performance graphics cards to a computer system.

A

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

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16
Q

refer to the methods by which storage devices such as hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives
(SSDs), and optical drives are connected to a computer’s motherboard.

A

Storage Interfaces

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17
Q

TYPES OF STORAGE INTERFACES

A
  • SATA (Serial ATA):
  • M.2 (formerly known as NGFF - Next Generation Form Factor):
  • IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
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18
Q

are essential for supplying electricity from the power supply unit (PSU) to various components, ensuring proper operation.

A

POWER CONNECTORS

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19
Q

TYPES OF POWER CONNECTORS

A
  • ATX Power Connector (24-pin):
  • CPU Power Connector (4-pin or 8-pin)
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20
Q

acts as an interface between the computer and external devices like printers, modems, etc.

A

CONNECTION POINTS

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21
Q

TYPES OF Input/Output Ports

A
  • USB (Universal Serial Bus)
  • HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)
  • Display Port
  • Ethernet (RJ-45)
  • Audio Ports
  • Thunderbolt
  • PS/2
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22
Q

are versatile and widely used for connecting a variety of devices, including keyboards, mice, printers,
external storage drives, smartphones, and more.

A

USB ports

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23
Q

is a newer connector type that offers higher data transfer speeds, higher power delivery, and reversible
plug orientation.

A

USB-C

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24
Q

are used for connecting displays such as monitors, TVs, and projectors to the computer.

A

HDMI ports

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25
is another digital display interface commonly found on computers and monitors
Display Port
26
supports higher resolutions, refresh rates, and color depths compared to HDMI.
Display Port
27
known as LAN (Local Area Network) ports or RJ-45 ports, are used for connecting computers to wired networks.
Ethernet ports
28
provide reliable and high-speed network connectivity, making them essential for internet access and local network communication.
Ethernet ports
29
include headphone jacks, microphone jacks, and line-in/line-out ports for audio input and output.
Audio ports
30
offer high-speed data transfer and video output capabilities.
Thunderbolt ports
31
combines PCIe and DisplayPort protocols, allowing for versatile connectivity with various devices, including external storage drives, displays, and docking stations.
Thunderbolt ports
32
are older legacy ports used for connecting keyboards and mice to the computer.
PS/2 ports
33
is a collection of integrated circuits (chips) on the motherboard that manages data flow between the CPU, memory, and peripherals.
Chipsets
34
serve as the "traffic controller" of the motherboard
Chipsets
35
Functions of Chipsets:
Control and Management Interface Support Overclocking Support Power Management Integrated Graphics Compatibility
36
Types of Chipsets:
Northbridge Southbridge Integrated Chipsets
37
handles communication between the CPU, memory, and PCIe slots.
Northbridge
38
manages communication between the CPU, storage devices, USB ports, audio controllers, and other peripherals. It handles lower-speed I/O functions compared to the Northbridge.
Southbridge
39
offer simplified motherboard designs and reduced power consumption.
Integrated Chipsets
40
Motherboard Form Factors
ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended): Micro ATX (mATX): Mini ITX: Extended ATX (EATX):
41
is one of the most common motherboard form factors used in desktop computers.
ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)
42
typically measure 12 inches by 9.6 inches (305 mm by 244 mm)
ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended):
43
is a smaller form factor compared to ATX, suitable for compact desktop systems.
Micro ATX
44
is the smallest mainstream motherboard form factor, designed for ultra-compact and space-constrained systems.
Mini ITX
45
is a larger form factor designed for high-end desktop systems with extensive expansion capabilities.
Extended ATX (EATX)
46
typically measuring 12 inches by 13 inches
Extended ATX (EATX)
47
is the primary processing unit of a computer, responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
48
is volatile memory used by the CPU to store data and program instructions that are actively being used.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
48
consists of an arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
49
provides fast access to data for the CPU
Random Access Memory (RAM)
50
is temporary storage, meaning its contents are lost when the computer is powered off.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
51
refers to the rate at which data can be read or written
RAM speed
52
are used to store data and programs
Storage devices
53
use flash memory and have no moving parts,
Solid State Drives (SSDs)
53
use rotating magnetic disks to store data
Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)
54
Other storage technologies
optical drives
55
converts AC power from the wall outlet into DC power
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
56
provides power to the motherboard
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
57
is responsible for rendering images and graphics.
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
58
accelerates the rendering of 2D and 3D graphics
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
59
are crucial for maintaining optimal operating temperatures for internal components.
Cooling systems
60
include heat sinks, fans, and sometimes liquid cooling solutions
Cooling systems
61
are used to interconnect internal components and peripherals.
Cables and Connectors LIKE SATA CABLES
62

Computer Hardware Fundamentals (3 decks)

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