LESSON 3: Cell Theory Cell Structure and Function Flashcards
• In 1590, Dutch
spectacle-maker ————made the first
compound
microscope (one
having more than one
lens to magnify the
image that can
magnify an image 30
times).
Zacharias Janssen
In 1665,————, a
physicist and curator of
instruments for the Royal
Society of London, examined the
structure of thinly sliced cork
under the microscope and
described small rectangular
compartments which he called
cellulae (Latin for small
chambers written in his treatise
Micrographia.)
Robert Hooke
• In 1676,————, a
Dutch shopkeeper,
examined pond water
sample and saw living
organisms (protozoa
and fungi), which he
called animalcules
(small animals). His
single-lenses
magnified an image
200 times.
Anton van
Leeuwenhoek
• In 1938, ———— determined
that all living plant
tissue was composed
of cells and that each
plant arose from a
single cell.
Matthias Schleiden
• In 1939,
————-
came to a
similar
conclusion
to animals
Theodore Schwann
In 1858, the cell
theory was refined
by German
pathologist ——————-, who
concluded that “all
cells arise from cells”
and that the cell was
the basic unit of life.
Rudolf Virchow
The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory were now
complete:
• 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. (Schleiden &
Schwann)(1838-39)
• 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. (Schleiden &
Schwann)(1838-39)
• 3. All cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells.
(Virchow)(1858)
• Modern Cell Theory contains 4 statements, in addition to the
original Cell Theory:
• The cell contains hereditary information(DNA) which is passed
on from cell to cell during cell division.
• All cells are basically the same in chemical composition and
metabolic activities.
• All basic chemical & physiological functions are carried out
inside the cells.(movement, digestion,etc)
• Cell activity depends on the activities of sub-cellular
structures within the cell(organelles, nucleus, plasma
membrane)
– The most prominent organelle in the cell
– Spherical or oval in shape
– served as the Blank Blank of the cell
Answer: the nucleus, control center
– Site of ribosomal RNA ( rRNA) synthesis
Nucleolus
– Contains genes(units of hereditary information) that govern structure, and activity of cell
Chromosomes
– Membrane boundary of the cell
– Regulates blank of materials in an out of cell
– Helps maintain cell blank
– Communicates with other cells
Cell membrane , movement, shapes
Maze of parallel, internal membranes that in encircle and nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
– Lipid synthesis
– Drug blank
Smooth ER , detoxification
Manufactures proteins
Rough ER
