lesson 3 & 4: multi store model of memory and type of LTM encodes

Question 1

The Multi-Store Model of Memory, 1968
DESCRIPTION

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shiffren suggest memory made of series of stores, describes memory as information flowing through a linear system
described as an information processing model, like a computer with an input, process, output

Question 2

The Multi-Store Model of Memory, 1968

Answer 2

Question 3

definition of maintence rehearsal

Answer 3

repetition to help hold something in STM, will eventually transfers to LTM

Question 4

definition of elaborative rehersal

Answer 4

includes more meaningful analysis eg images, thinking, association, leads to better recall, like giving words meaning or linking to previous knowledge

Question 5

Sperling, sensory memory for vision, 1960
AIM AND FINDINGS

Answer 5

aim: study the sensory memory for visoin using the iconic store
uses tachistoscope, device flashes picture stimulus
asks Pp remember as many letters as possible from 12 symbol grid, displayed for 50ms
could only recall around 4 symbols before grid faded from sensory memory
reported seeing a lot more they had time to report

Question 6

Sperling, sensory memory for vision, 1960
CAPACTIY

Answer 6

changed his technique used the Partical report technique
trained Pp to distinguish between 3 tones, high, medium, low
exposed grid for 50ms
when disappearded 1 of the tones followed, disapearing from a high to low tone
with partial report condition recall was 3/4 symbols from each row
iconic store retain 76% of all data

Question 7

Sperling, sensory memory for vision, 1960
DURATION

Answer 7

if there was a delay between presenting grid and surrounding tone more information was lost
only 50% after 0.3 second delay
only 33% after 1 second delay

Question 8

Glanzer & Cunitz, 1966

Answer 8

research to support,
Pp presented with word list and immediately recall them
words at the beginning are recalled= primary effect
words at the end are recalled= recency effect
words in the middle are forgotten= asymptote

Question 9

The multi-store model of memory
EVALUATION

Answer 9

+ shows differences between STM and LTM. STM different in capacity, duration, encoding
Miller, suggests STM capacity 7+-2 chunks vs LTM is unlimited
empirical support for MSM= wider academic credibility

• too simple, other models suggest STM and LTM can be divided into more stores
  working memory model, STM represented by series of seperate stores that handle different modalities
  Tulving= divided into episodic, semanitc, procedural
  MSM isn’t complete explanation of the structure of memory