Lesson 3 Flashcards
What does HIV stand for?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
True or False: An HIV exposed infant is one who has been born to an HIV positive mother.
True
What is the primary method of diagnosing HIV in infants?
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing
Fill in the blank: The recommended age for the first HIV test in an exposed infant is _____ weeks.
4 to 6 weeks
What does a negative HIV test at 6 weeks indicate for an exposed infant?
It suggests that the infant is likely not infected with HIV.
At what age should an HIV exposed infant be tested again if the initial test is negative?
At 12 months of age
What is the significance of a positive HIV test result in an infant?
It indicates that the infant is infected with HIV.
True or False: Infants can acquire HIV through breastfeeding.
True
What is the role of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV exposed infants?
To reduce the risk of HIV transmission and manage infection.
Which test is NOT used for diagnosing HIV in infants?
Western blot test
What is the window period for accurate HIV testing in infants?
Up to 18 months
Fill in the blank: The presence of _____ antibodies can complicate the diagnosis of HIV in infants.
maternal
What is the main challenge in diagnosing HIV in infants?
The detection of maternal antibodies that may persist.
True or False: All infants born to HIV positive mothers will be HIV positive.
False
What type of follow-up is recommended for HIV exposed infants?
Regular health check-ups and monitoring for HIV infection.
What is the recommended follow-up testing schedule for an HIV exposed infant?
At 4-6 weeks, 12 months, and possibly 18 months.
Which population has the highest risk of perinatal HIV transmission?
Infants born to untreated HIV positive mothers
What does an inconclusive HIV test result mean for an infant?
Further testing is required to determine HIV status.
Fill in the blank: HIV testing for infants should be conducted in a _____ manner.
confidential
What is the importance of early diagnosis of HIV in infants?
It allows for timely initiation of treatment and improves health outcomes.
True or False: Routine HIV testing is not necessary for all infants.
True, only exposed infants require testing.
What is the recommended testing method for infants older than 18 months?
Antibody tests
What does the term ‘HIV viral load’ refer to?
The amount of HIV in the blood.
What is the goal of HIV testing and diagnosis in infants?
To identify and treat HIV infection as early as possible.
Fill in the blank: An infant diagnosed with HIV should start treatment with _____ as soon as possible.
antiretroviral therapy (ART)
