LESSON 3 Flashcards
is that principle that whatever serves the most number of members in a community is
considered good
common good
is the principle that there is
a standard that people must cooperatively strive for
to maximize the harmony in the community.
greatest good
THE TWO TYPES
OF MORAL
THEORY
CONSEQUENTIALIST, NON -CONSEQUENTIALIST
THEORY
is any net benefits produced by an action
Utilitarianism
single principle has to reflect on three things
what is good, whose well being it is intended and the actual
consequences.
means the only thing that
is good in itself is pleasure or happiness.
Hedonism
Utilitarian logic can be used both for
moral reasoning and rational decision-making
Whose well being
. Whose well being
INDIVIDUAL SELF-INTEREST, GROUPS, Everyone affected-
is an approach that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves.
Deontology
HE concluded that to be truly good the act
must be chosen and done out of a feeling of moral duty
Immanuel Kant
Kant developed his moral philosophy in three works:
Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals” (1785),
“Critique of Practical Reason’
(788) and “Metaphysics of Morals” (1797), and he
formulated it in three different ways.
Other Types of Deontology
Divine command theory
Human rights theory
contractarian ethics
pluralistic deontology
This is a form of deontological theory which means an action is right if God has declared that it is right, and that that an act is obligatory if and only if it is commanded by God.
divine command theory
This theory holds that humans
have absolute natural rights.
natural rights theory
refers to both the theory in political philosophy on the legitimacy of
political authority, and the ethical theory concerning the origin, or legitimate content, of moral norms.
contractarian ethics
It is a description of the
deontological ethics 1 advocated by W.D. Ross.
pluralistic deontology
