Lesson 3

Question 1

Episodic Memory

Answer 1

• Memories involving events
• Uses the prefrontal cortex, neocortex and hippocampus
• Traumatic events or events with high emotional content are recalled more easily.

Question 2

Semantic Memory

Answer 2

• Memories involving facts and concepts (conscious)

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Question 3

Procedural memory

Answer 3

Memories involving skills (unconscious)

Question 4

Clive Wearing

Answer 4

Supports the types of long term memory

• Severely impaired episodic memory
• Could learn new skills (procedural memory was intact)
• Clive suffered a viral brain infection
• He was a brilliant musician, and could still read music and play piano
• You can damage one store and leave others unaffected and they are in different areas of the brain

Question 5

Vicari et al (2007)

Answer 5

Supports the types of Long Term Memory

• Case of an 8-year-old girl, CL
• Suffered brain damage due to the removal of a tumour.
• Could not form new episodic memories
• Could create new semantic memories
• Shows that they are in different areas and are independent stores

Question 6

Finke (2012)

Answer 6

Supports the types of long term memory

• Case of 68 year old professional cellist, PM
• Suffered brain damage
• Episodic and semantic difficulties
• Could not recall musical facts, but could still play and read music and learn new ones
• Procedural memory was unaffected

Question 7

Problem with case studies

Answer 7

They have methodological issues, like location of brain damage and other variables. Cannot be generalised to all cases of the LTM

Question 8

Strengths of the types of the long term memory

Answer 8

• Case studies like Clive Wearing, Finke (2012) with PM, and Vicari et al (2007) with CL
• Supported by evidence from brain scans like PET scans and fMRI scans. They show when different parts of the brain are active, supported by Tulving (1989)
• It as real life applications. People with difficulties with a specific memory stores can have specific treatments developed for that store. For example, Belleville (2006) shows that it is possible to treat episodic memory difficulties in the elderly.

Question 9

Tulving (1989)

Answer 9

Supports the types of long term memory (conscious)