Lesson 3 Flashcards
1
Q
- in nursing is the next knowledge level after metaparadigm
- it specifies the definition of the metaparadigm concepts in each of the conceptual models of nursing
A
Philosophy
2
Q
- it sets forth the meaning of phenomena through analysis, reasoning, and logical argument; theory may be formed from these philosophies such as the work of Watson and Benner
A
Philosophy
3
Q
- contributed to the knowledge development in nursing by forming a basis for subsequent developments especially in area of human science.
A
Philosophy
4
Q
- are representations of an idea or body of knowledge based on their own understanding or perception of a person or researcher on a certain topic, phenomena or theory.
A
Conceptual Models
5
Q
- are highly established set of concepts that are testable. The following is a theoretical framework as proposed by Lydia Hall, a nurse theorist.
A
Theoretical Models
6
Q
- are the least abstract level of theoretical knowledge because
they include details specific to nursing practice. It includes information indicating the situation or health condition, the patient population or age group, the location or area of practice, and the action of the nurse, or the intervention
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Middle-range theories
7
Q
- are theories because they do propose something that is true or
testable such as Roy’s theory of the person as an adaptive system derived from the Roy Adaptation Model.
A
Grand theories
8
Q
- are the subject matter of a discipline; sets of empirical data or
experiences that can be physically observed or tangible. Example: crying or grimacing when in pain.
A
Phenomena
9
Q
All natural events that the human senses can perceive can be called a…
A
Phenomenon
10
Q
- is an organized set of related statements that describes or explains phenomena in a systematic way
A
Theory
11
Q
- is also a group of related concepts that propose actions that guide practice.
A
Theory
12
Q
- a mental idea of a phenomenon; the building blocks of theories; can come from an empirical phenomena or any abstraction of how a person perceived an object that is not physically present or observed
A
Concept
13
Q
- a mental idea of a phenomenon; the building blocks of theories; can come from an empirical phenomena or any abstraction of how a person perceived an object that is not physically present or observed
A
Concept
13
Q
- a type of concept
- are indirectly observed or intangible; it is independent
of time and place. Examples: love, care, freedom
A
Abstract
13
Q
- a type of concept
- is directly observed or tangible. Examples: nurse,
mother, pain
A
Concrete
14
Q
- are the meaning of a word based on how a certain theory or relevant literature perceives it to be. Examples: roles/concepts of nurse, patient care, and environment
A
Conceptual Definitions
15
Q
- are meaning of a word based on the method of how it was measured or how the person come up with that perception. Example: significance of pain perception and practiced nursing intervention.
A
Operational Definitions
16
Q
Comparable to the definition from a literature such as a dictionary, encyclopedia, and journals.
A
Conceptual Definition
17
Q
Specifies exactly how the concept will be determined and assessed; it also identifies procedures and operations significant to determine concepts.
A
Operational Definition
18
Q
- a statement of relationship between concepts.
A
Proposition
19
Q
- statement that specifies the relationship of factual concepts/phenomena.
A
Assumption
20
Q
- composed of various descriptions which convey a general meaning and reduces the vagueness in understanding a set of concepts
A
Definition
21
Q
Enumerate the FOUR types of Theories According to Function:
A
Descriptive Theories or Factor- Isolating Theories
Explanatory Theories or Factor-Relating Theories
Predictive Theories or Situation-Relating Theories
Prescriptive Theories or Situation-Producing Theories
22
Q
Types of Theories According to Function:
- to know the properties and workings of a discipline.
- they don’t explain the relationship of the concept
- identify and describe major concepts of phenomena
- Main purpose: to present a phenomenon based on the five senses together with their corresponding meaning
A
Descriptive Theories
23
Types of Theories According to Function:
- to examine how properties relate and thus affect the discipline.
- present relationship among concepts and propositions
- aim to provide information on how or why concepts are related
Explanatory Theory
24
Types of Theories According to Function:
- to calculate relationships between properties and how they occur
- describe future outcomes consistently
- generated and tested using experimental research
Predictive Theory
25
Types of Theories According to Function:
- to identify under which conditions relationships occurs
- test the validity and certainty of specific nursing interventions
- commonly used in testing new nursing interventions
Prescriptive Theory
26
- a group of related concepts that are derive from the nursing models.
Nursing Theory
27
an articulated and communicated conceptualization of invented or discovered reality in or pertaining to nursing for the purpose of DESCRIBING, EXPLAINING, PREDICTING, or PRESCRIBING nursing care.
Nursing Theory
28
Barnum (1994) stated that a complete nursing theory is one that has...
Context, Content, and Process
29
- resembles environment to which nursing act takes place
Context
30
- subject of the theory
Content
31
- method by which the nurse acts in using nursing theory
Process
32
Is the “diagnosis and treatment of human responses actual or potential problems (American Nurses Association).
Nursing
33
Are patterns or models used to show a clear relationship among existing theoretical frameworks in nursing.
Nursing Paradigm
34
What does metaparadigm means in greek words?
meta - with
paradeigma - pattern
35
Four Major Concepts in the Nursing Metaparadigm
Person
Environment
Health
Nursing
36
Four Major Concepts in the Nursing Metaparadigm:
- the recipient of nursing care like individuals, families and
communities
Person
37
Four Major Concepts in the Nursing Metaparadigm:
- the holistic level of wellness that the person experiences
Health
37
Four Major Concepts in the Nursing Metaparadigm:
- the interventions of the nurse rendering care in support of, or in
cooperation with the client.
Nursing
37
Four Major Concepts in the Nursing Metaparadigm:
- all internal and external conditions, circumstances, and influences affecting the person
Environment
38
- suggests an understanding acquired through learning or investigation of what is known about a discipline’s subject matter.
Knowledge
39
- composed of both theoretical and practical knowledge (Meleis,
1997).
Nursing Knowledge
40
- stimulates thinking and broadens understanding of the science and practice of the Nursing discipline.
Theoretical Knowledge
41
- is referred to as the art of nursing
Practical Knowledge
42
Sources of Knowledge:
- a nursing practice which is passed down from generation to generation. When asked about the basis of nursing practice the answer would be as simple as “It’s always been practiced this way.”
Traditional Knowledge
42
Sources of Knowledge:
- a type of knowledge which came from a scientific method through research. These new ideas are tested and measured systematically using objective criteria.
Scientific Knowledge
42
Sources of Knowledge:
- is an idea by a person of authority which is perceived as true because of his/her expertise.
Authoritive Knowledge
43
- is the application of systematic, scientific methods to study phenomena and generate knowledge.
Research
44
- is a form of reasoning that is loosely described as moving from the specific to the general.
Induction
45
- is a form of logical reasoning that is loosely described as progressing from the general to the specific.
Deduction
46
- combines induction and deduction to originate ideas. This form of reasoning uses analogy as a method of devising theory
Retroduction
47
- is a testable relationship statement.
Hypothesis
48
What is the next knowledge level after metaparadigm that sets forth the meaning of phenomena through analysis, reasoning, and logical argument?
Philosophy
49
One characteristic of theory must be:
A. logical in nature
B. paradoxical in nature
C. complex in nature
D. inconsistent
A. Logical in Nature
50
Conceptual frameworks are commonly represented through:
A. diagram B. paragraph C. caricatures D. images
A. Diagram
51
Which of the following is NOT a component of the metaparadigm in nursing?
A. health B. environment C. assumption D. nursing
C. Assumption
52
It is defined as sets of empirical data or experiences that can be observed or touched?
A. theory B. phenomenon C. metaparadigm D. assumption
Phenomenon
