Lesson 2.6: Colligative Properties of a Solution Flashcards
They depend solely on the number of the solute particles in the solution.
Colligative Properties of Solutions
These quantity-dependent properties are collectively called _____________________, which include vapor pressure lowering, freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure.
colligative properties
Colligative properties are influenced by the extent of ______________________ in a solution.
dissociation of the solute
Solutions that depend on the nature of their components can be classified as ______________________________.
electrolytic or nonelectrolytic
They are particles that ionize in a solution; as a result, they conduct electricity.
Electrolytes
They are those that do not ionize at all in solution and thus do not conduct electricity.
Nonelectrolytes
Electrolytes that can completely ionize in water such as ionic compounds (e.g., NaCl); strong acids (e.g., HCI), and strong bases (e.g., NaOH) are referred to as _______________________.
strong electrolytes
Those that only partially ionize in water such as weak acids (e.g., CH,COOH) and weak bases (e.g., NH,OH) are described as _____________________.
weak electrolytes
Generally, polar covalent compounds like table sugar dissolve in water as molecules and not as ions. They are thus described as ________________.
nonelectrolytes
They are substances that easily evaporate.
Volatile
They are substances that do not easily evaporate.
Non-volatile
Since colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles in solution, _______________ have a greater effect on the lowering of vapor pressure and freezing point, increase in the boiling point, and on osmotic pressure.
electrolytes
In predicting the behavior of colligative properties, the _______________ are assumed to have negligible interactions.
solute particles
The _____________________ of a solution with a nonvolatile (does not easily evaporate) solute is always lower than that of the pure solvent.
vapor pressure
The relationship between the vapor pressure of the solution and the vapor pressure of the solvent depends on the concentration of the _________ in the solution.
solute
This relationship is expressed as _______________, which states that the vapor pressure of a solvent over a solution (Psolvent) is equal to the product of the vapor pressure of the pure solvent (Polvent) and the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution (solvent).
Raoult’s law
The resulting equation suggests that the decrease in vapor pressure (AP) is directly proportional to the ______________.
solute concentration
