Lesson 2: Vowels, Sheva, etc.

Question 1

‎אֲ

Answer 1

Chatef patach

A-class 
Extra-short a sound

Question 2

אַ

Answer 2

Patach

A-class

Short a sound “bat”

Question 3

אָ

Answer 3

Qamets

A-class 
Long a sound “father”

Question 4

אָה

Answer 4

Qamets-he

A-class 
Long a sound “father”

Question 5

אֱ

Answer 5

Chatef segol

I-class
Extra-short e sound

Question 6

אֶ

Answer 6

Segol

I-class
Short e sound “bet”

Question 7

אֵ

Answer 7

Tsere

I-class

Long e sound “they”

Question 8

אֵי

Answer 8

Tsere-yod
I-class

Long e sound “they”

Question 9

אִ

Answer 9

Chireq

I-class

Short i sound “bit”

Question 10

אִי

Answer 10

Chireq-yod

I-class
Long i sound “bikini”

Question 11

אֳ

Answer 11

Chatef-qamets

U-class

Extra-short o sound

Question 12

אָ

Answer 12

Qamets-chatuf

U-class
Short o sound “bot”

Question 13

אֹ

Answer 13

Cholem

U-class

Long o sound “go”

Question 14

וֹ

Answer 14

Cholem-vav

U-class

Long o sound “go”

Question 15

אֻ

Answer 15

Qibbuts

U-class

Short u sound “but”

Question 16

וּ

Answer 16

Shureq

U-class

Long u sound “rude”

Question 17

Sheva(אְ) rules

Answer 17

• It is silent at the end of a syllable, i.e. after a short vowel
• You can recognize that it is vocal if it is:
• at the beginning of a word
• at the beginning of a syllable, i.e. after another sheva
• after a long vowel

Question 18

The Dagesh Rules •

Answer 18

• They can appear in any letter except gutturals
• If the letter is not preceded by a vowel, it is a dagesh qal
• If the letter is preceded by a vowel, it is a dagesh chazaq. It is always a hard sound in this case.

Question 19

Guttural Letter Rules

Answer 19

(ע ח ה א (& ר

• Cannot be doubled by a dagesh chasaq
• Takes a composite sheva instead of a regular sheva
• At the end of a word, after a long vowel, they may take a ‘helping’ vowel called a ‘furtive patach’