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Camera Repair Course > Lesson 2 Vocal List > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Vocal List Flashcards

1
Q

Aperture

A

The opening within a lens that controls the amount of light that reaches the film/sensor

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2
Q

Bellows

A

A flexible accordion-style material that connects the front and rear standard of a view camera

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3
Q

Blackout

A

The sudden loss of viewfinder vision caused by the mirror disengaging from the optical path.

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4
Q

Box Camera

A

The simplest form of camera, with no adjustable settings; fixed focus, fixed shutter speed, fixed aperture

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5
Q

Bulb Setting

A

One of the longest shutter speeds on a camera, the shutter stays open as long as the release is depressed.

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6
Q

Camera obscura

A

The original “camera”, meaning dark room. An image is projected upon a ground glass, for viewing and drawing, through a small hole in a dark space. The image is reversed left to right and top to bottom

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7
Q

Cartridge cassette

A

A preloaded cassette of film that can be fitted to any standardized camera within its format.

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8
Q

Dark slide

A

A light-proof rigid sheet that protects unexposed film when it is in a film carrier.

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9
Q

Depth of field

A

The distance along a lens’s optical axis that is in acceptable focus at a given aperture, focal length, and focusing distance.

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10
Q

Develop

A

The chemical process of permanently fixing an exposed image on a photo-sensitive material

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11
Q

Diaphragm

A

The mechanism that controls the intensity of light within a camera.

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12
Q

Diaphragm control

A

The device that changes how open or closed the diaphragm is.

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13
Q

Diaphragm opening

A

The opening that controls the intensity of light within a camera

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14
Q

Diaphragm scale

A

The range of aperture settings available to a given camera, where each setting is twice as bright and dark as its neighbors.

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15
Q

Double-frame camera

A

Also known as a full-frame camera, any camera that uses the full 35mm film format. It uses double the area of a half-frame camera.

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16
Q

Eye-level viewing

A

Using a camera at “eye level”.

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17
Q

f/number or f/stop

A

The universal scale of aperture settings available to a given camera, where each setting is one stop faster and slower than its neighbors.

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18
Q

Film

A

A flexible substrate coated with photosensitive emulsion, available in a variety of formats.

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19
Q

Film back

A

A removable camera back that can be loaded with film.

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20
Q

Film-holding mechanism

A

The mechanism that holds film flat at a specific distance from the lens.

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21
Q

Film insert

A
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22
Q

Film leader

A

A precut tab of film that extends from a 35mm cartridge, aids film loading.

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23
Q

Film pack

A
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24
Q

Fixed-focus lens

A

A lens that has a set focusing distance, that cannot be manually changed.

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25
Q

Focal-plane aperture

A

A

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26
Q

Focusing aid

A

A system that aids focusing, including rangefinder systems and viewfinder aids.

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27
Q

Focusing control

A

A mechanism on a camera, usually a ring around the lens, that allows for the plane of focus to be manually adjusted.

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28
Q

Focusing scale

A

A distance scale that shows the range of acceptable sharpness for a given aperture setting.

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29
Q

Focusing screen

A

The flat optical element that the lens image is projected onto via the reflex mirror, used to focus the lens.

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30
Q

Frame lines

A

A rectangular frame superimposed on the viewfinder image of a rangefinder-style camera, showing the imaged area for a given focal length.

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31
Q

Fresnel lens

A

An optical element that is used in combination with or that replaces the ground glass as the focusing screen. Results in a brighter image than ground glass alone.

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32
Q

Full-frame camera

A

Any camera that uses the 35mm film format.

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33
Q

Ground glass

A

A flat optical element that the lens image is projected onto, aids framing and focus.

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34
Q

Half-frame camera

A

A camera that uses half the area of the 35mm film format.

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35
Q

Hood

A

A device used to block stray light.

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36
Q

Infinity

A

The farthest marked distance on any distance scale.

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37
Q

Instant-return mirror

A

A mirror that automatically flips back down after an exposure in a single lens reflex camera.

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38
Q

Invert

A

When an image is flipped top to bottom.

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39
Q

Iris diaphragm

A

The opening within a lens that controls the amount of light that reaches the film/sensor

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40
Q

Lens

A

An optical element that can bend light.

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41
Q

Lens board

A

A board for mounting large-format lenses, to be used with large-format cameras.

42
Q

Lens standard

A

The front standard of a view camera, containing the lens, lens board, and shutter.

43
Q

Lighten-darken control

A

An adjustable dial on instant-type developing cameras, which can brighten or darken the final image relative to the original exposure.

44
Q

Magnifier

A

An optical device that magnifies an image, usually to aid in focusing.

45
Q

Medium-format camera

A

Any camera that uses film formats larger than 35mm, but smaller than sheet film. This includes 120mm and 220mm roll film.

46
Q

Metering

A

The electronic process of determining suitable camera settings for a given scene.

47
Q

Microprism focusing aid

A

A viewfinder area that aids in focusing, containing small prisms that noticeably split the out-of-focus image.

48
Q

Miniature camera

A

Any camera that uses film smaller than 35mm.

49
Q

Mirror

A

A reflective plane used to divert light within a camera to the viewfinder in single-lens reflex cameras.

50
Q

Mirror cage

A

The camera housing that contains the mirror, ground-glass, and shutter.

51
Q

Mirror-lock-up control

A

A mechanism that allows for the mirror of a single-lens reflex camera to lock up prior to exposure, removing mirror vibrations at lower shutter speeds. This will however blackout the viewfinder.

52
Q

Motor drive

A

An attachable battery-powered unit for 35mm film cameras, allowing for fast film advance and shutter cocking.

53
Q

Parallax

A

The difference in perspective and framing between two viewpoints, commonly discussed when referring to the frame lines of rangefinder-style cameras.

54
Q

Pentaprism

A

The optical element in a single lens reflex camera that corrects the image from the ground glass, inverting it top to bottom and reverting it left to right.

55
Q

Perforation holes

A

The holes along the sides of 35mm film, used in combination with a sprocket and a film take-up spool to advance film at regular intervals.

56
Q

Perspective distortion

A

The visual distortion that accompanies the projected image of any rigid body camera. Can be corrected with view camera adjustments.

57
Q

Pin hole

A

The simplest method of introducing light into a camera, producing a dim image with “infinite” focus.

58
Q

Plate

A

The substrate for photosensitive chemicals before flexible substrates were used.

59
Q

Pocket Instamatic

A

A small box camera that offers automatic metering and often flash.

60
Q

Polaroid back

A

A modular back that can be attached to non-Polaroid camera systems, used to visually check camera settings.

61
Q

Press camera

A

Any medium or large format camera with “press” in the name, denoting a design that prioritizes operating speed.

62
Q

Press-focus lever

A

A lever on the integrated shutter of a large format camera that opens up a lens to its maximum aperture, allowing for a brighter image when focusing.

63
Q

Process camera

A

A specialized monorail view camera used exclusively for the reproduction of 2D media. Process cameras used process lenses, which are optimized for field flatness.

64
Q

Prism

A

An optical element that diverts light.

65
Q

Rangefinder

A

An optical assembly that uses the alignment of two superimposed images to indicate proper focus of an image.

66
Q

Rangefinder-type camera

A

A camera that uses a rangefinder device to focus the lens. This includes 35mm, medium format, and large format cameras.

67
Q

Rapid-rewind crank

A

A crank used to rewind 35mm film back into the metal cassette.

68
Q

Release button

A

The button used to release the shutter on a camera. If used on a single-lens reflex camera, the button swings up the mirror before the shutter is released.

69
Q

Revert

A

To flip an image left to right.

70
Q

Rewind

A

The process of returning film to a 35mm canister.

71
Q

Rewind button

A

The button is used to disengage the sprocket of a 35mm film camera, allowing for the film to be rewound.

72
Q

Rewind knob

A

A knob, used in conjunction with the rewind button, to rewind film in a 35mm camera.

73
Q

Roll-film camera

A

Any camera that uses roll film, rather than sheet film, including 35mm and medium format.

74
Q

Sheet film

A

Film that is made in large sheets rather than a continuous roll, used in view cameras.

75
Q

Shutter

A

A camera mechanism used to control how long film is exposed to light.

76
Q

Shutter speed

A

The duration that a shutter remains open.

77
Q

Shutter-speed control

A

A mechanism to control how long the shutter remains open.

78
Q

Shutter-speed scale

A

The range of shutter speeds available to a given camera, where each setting is twice as fast and slow as its neighbors.

79
Q

Single-frame camera

A

A camera that uses half the area of a 35mm frame.

80
Q

Single-lens reflex

A

A camera type that uses the same lens for both viewing and taking.

81
Q

Split-image focusing aid

A

An optical aid on a ground-glass screen, seen in the viewfinder, that breaks straight lines when they are out of focus.

82
Q

Split-image rangefinder

A

A rangefinder device that uses the visual continuity of an image to indicate perfect focus of a given subject.

83
Q

Sprocket

A

A column in a 35mm camera that meters the amount of film that gets wound by the film advance, also aids in film flatness.

84
Q

Subminiature camera

A

Any camera using film smaller than the 110 format.

85
Q

Superimposed-image rangefinder

A

A rangefinder device that uses the alignment of two identical images to indicate perfect focus of a given subject.

86
Q

Supply chamber

A

The area where film is loaded into a camera.

87
Q

System

A

A camera “system” refers to the versatility of a given brand due to its range of customizations and accessories.

88
Q

T(ransmission)/stop

A

A more exacting measure of aperture performance, based on the light transmitted for a given aperture rather than its mathematical transmission.

89
Q

Take-up chamber

A

The area where the leading portion of a film roll is wound, containing a sprocket and a take-up spool.

90
Q

Take-up spool

A

The column that a film leader or tab is threaded through.

91
Q

Thumb slide

A

A winding mechanism on early box cameras, used to advance the film and recock the shutter.

92
Q

Time setting

A

One of the longest shutter speeds on a camera, the shutter opens on the first press and closes on the second.

93
Q

Twin-lens reflex

A

A medium format camera that uses two
coupled lenses, one with a mirror for focusing and composing, another for taking.

94
Q

Underwater camera

A

Any camera that has been constructed for use underwater.

95
Q

View camera

A

A camera that uses large-format film, capable of perspective control unavailable to other formats.

96
Q

Viewfinder

A

The optical assembly used to aid in framing and/or focusing.

97
Q

Viewfinder-type camera

A

A camera that uses a separate viewfinder for focusing/composing instead of looking through the lens.

98
Q

Waist-level viewing

A

Using a camera at “waist level”, either by using a waist-level attachment or native functionality.

99
Q

Waterhouse stop

A

The original way to control the intensity of light in a camera, offering a small range of machined “stops” to be inserted into a camera.

100
Q

Wind crank

A

A crank used to advance film and wind the shutter of a camera, common on medium format cameras.

101
Q

Wind lever

A

A lever used to advance film and wind the shutter of a camera, common on 35mm cameras and medium format cameras.

102
Q

Zone focusing

A

Anticipatory focusing that uses a predetermined depth of field, or zone, to control image focus.

Camera Repair Course (1 decks)

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