Lesson 2: Unique Properties of Matter Flashcards
ability to reflect light on surface that gives the object a shiny appearance; common among metals and minerals
Luster
opposite of lustrous; do not have the ability to reflect light on their surface so they do not have shiny appearance
Dullness
ability of objects to be shaped easily by pressing/hammering into thin sheets w/o breaking; unique to metals
Malleability
most malleable metal?
gold (Au)
ability of objects to be shaped easily by pressing or hammering into thin wire or thread w/o breaking; unique to metals
Ductility
get easily broken or shatter when applied w/ stress
Brittleness
what usually accompanies an object’s breaking point?
snapping sound
ability to allow heat or electricity to pass through
Conductivity
materials that allow flow of heat or electricity; metals = ____ , plastics = ___
conductors, good, bad
materials that do not permit flow of heat or electricity; ex: styrofoam, rubber, wood
insulators
property unique to liquids and gases (collectively called fluid) that is due to its resistance to flow
viscosity
properties that do not depend on the amount being measured; inherent characteristics of matter that depend on their composition and structure
intrinsic properties
properties that depend on the amount being measured; characteristics that are not essential to the qualities of the material because they are influenced by external factors.
extrinsic properties
characteristics that change the composition of substance due to chemical changes
Chemical properties
changes the composition of metals causing it to deteriorate due to its exposure to the presence of oxygen
Corrosion
Why do corroded metals change their color?
due to the presence of rust
materials that easily catch fire = _____
flammable/combustible
How is flammability a chemical property?
the composition of a substance changes through the burning process.
a sale that measure the acidity/basicity of a solution
pH
What does pH stand for? Why is it a chemical property?
“power of hydrogen”; pH is a chemical property because of the changes in composition, in terms of the number of hydrogen ions present in the solution
characterized by its sour smell (and taste); pH below 7; turn blue litmus paper to red
Acids
bitter and slippery solutions
Bases
ability of matter to combine chemically with other substances; highly reactive reagents have hazard symbols for warning sign
Acidity
- Used to warn about dangerous/hazardous materials, reagents, tools, locations; designed in such a way that they communicate the possible danger one might encounter in using the reagents label with easy-to-understand pictograms
Hazard Symbols
In this file: https://drive.google.com/file/d/18nWHfoYnjYJc4yvoEDDmzzHAKSdCePir/view?usp=sharing
Identify the different hazard symbols.
Top (from left to right): health hazard, moderate hazard, radioactive, oxidising, explosive
Bottom (from left to right): flammable, environmental hazard, irritant or hurtful, poisonous or toxic, corrosive
