Lesson 2 Reviewer Flashcards
Preliminary Examination Reviewer
is a combination of products, services and experiences which meet a diverse range of individual needs.
Tourism
is an object that attracts tourists having elements: accommodation, transportation, dining and entertainment as well as attraction and tours.
Tourist product
may be defined as a bundle or package of tangible and intangible components based on activity at a destination.
Tourism product
Four Basic Components of Tourism Products
transportation, destination attraction, lodging, and amenities
is a precondition for travel
Transport
It facilitates mobility and the movement of tourists from their origin to their destination and back.
Transportation
This may be by air, sea or Land Transportation.
Transportation
refers to the site/s that the visitor specifically chosen as location/s of their destination/s where they can be found the attractions they ever wanted to see and experience.
Destination Attraction
refers to the renting of a short-term dwelling. People who travel and stay away from home for more than a day needlodgingfor sleep, rest, food, safety, shelter from cold temperatures or rain, storage of luggage and access to common household functions.
Lodging
refers to the quality of pleasantness and attractiveness of a destination
Amenities
serves as add-on to value of tourist experience
Amenities
Examples of Amenities
Food establishments, travel food service, tourist facilities
offer mouth-watering international cuisines
Food Establishments
which caters to tourists’ amusement, entertainment & recreation
Tourist Facilities
which caters to passengers on trains, airplanes and ships as well as those which are served at lodging establishment
Travel Food Service
Contributes largely to the success of a tourist experience during his stay at the destination
Elements of Tourism
Tourist product cannot be touched, smelled, tasted, felt nor heard prior to its purchase.
Intangible
The Elements of Tourism
Fine weather, Historical & Cultural Factor, Accessibility, Quality of Amenities & Facilities.
The tourist product cannot be separated from the consumer. When tourists avail of products and services, they have to personally go to where the products are
Inseparable
In 1963, recommended a new definition of a “visitor” which covers two classes.
United Nations Conference on International Travel and Tourism
The tourism experience is likely to be different depending on when the product is availed, who one is with, and how the service providers deliver the service at the time of the consumption.
Variable
Tourist product cannot be stored or sold the following day. An airline seat not sold today can’t be added up in tomorrow’s inventory.
Perishable
A person who spent his money for the travel package disbursements and used it in his entire stay in such destination away from his usual environment for whatever purposes and or reasons he might had .
Traveller
Competition is stiff in the tourism industry. With new destinations emerging, one destination can easily be replaced.
Substitutable
It refers to the behavioral patterns of the travel market. During vacations there is an increase in tourism revenue. But when vacations’ over or there’s a pandemic, tourism revenue declines.
Seasonal
Temporary visitors staying at least 24 hours with purposes such as leisure, recreation, holiday, family, business or meeting.
Tourists
Temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours in the destination visited and not making an overnight stay, including cruise travelers but excluding travelers in transit.
Excursionists
He classified travelers based on their different personalities.
Stanley C. Plog
People centered on self, are inhibited and not adventurous. They have a strong desire for consistency and the familiar. They prefer “safe” destinations. They do not like to experiment with accommodations, food and entertainment. They look for experiences that will not result in personal stress or involve unusual situations.
Psychocentrics
Persons who are not particularly adventurous, yet they are not afraid to try new experiences as long as these are neither too odd or too challenging. They constitute the mass market or the bulk of the population.
Midcentrics
People having interest and attention on other persons, are highly curious and thrive on stimulation and change. They have a strong need for variety and new experiences. They want to explore and discover and go on their own rather than buy package tours.
Allocentrics
Classification of Travelers Based on Purpose of Travel
Business Travelers and Pleasure/Personal Travelers
Types of Business Travelers
Regular Business Travelers, Business Travelers Attending Meetings and Conventions, and Incentive Travelers
This group includes people traveling for vacation or pleasure. Also called the non-business travelers. This is the largest segment of the international market and the fastest growing.
Pleasure/Personal Travelers
Types of Pleasure/Personal Travelers
Resort Travelers, Family Pleasure Travelers, The Elderly, Singles and Couples
The cost of the trip is shouldered by a company. Not greatly affected by the cost of travel. Half of passengers on an airline.
Regular business travelers
Surveys indicate that 20% of all business travels are for the purpose of attending meetings and conventions.
Business travelers attending meetings & conventions
Conventions are classified into:
International, continental, national and regional.
A travel given by firms to employees as a reward for some accomplishment or to encourage employees to achieve more than what is required.
Incentive Travelers
According to surveys these travelers are better educated, have higher household incomes and are more likely to have professional and managerial positions. Notably, majority of these travelers have families and children.
Resort Travelers
They are motivated by three objectives: They travel as an educational experience for their children; To do something different with their families; and to bring their family together.
Family Pleasure Travelers
At present there are many people who are fifty years of age and over, including greater numbers of people in the retirement age category. These are the people with money and have the desire to travel extensively.
The Elderly
They take their vacations to fulfill their psychological, intellectual and physical needs by giving them the opportunity to rest, relax, escape the routine of pressures of daily living and to express total freedom. Most resorts in the Caribbean region have targeted this type of travelers.
Singles and Couples
According to her, she have questioned several travel experts of what travel will look like in 2020 travelers will prioritize their journeys’ impacts: on the planet, on destinations, local communities and on themselves.
Flint (2020)
Tourism Market Trends
1)Carbon offsetting is on
2)Microcations get big
3)Green hotels check in
4)Single-use plastics phase out
5)Giving back takes hold
6)Women-only trip shine
7)Wellness vacations turns to nature
Travelers and companies are increasingly investing in carbon offsetting programs to neutralize their carbon emissions by supporting environmental projects.
Carbon offsetting is on
An airline offers passengers the option to offset their flight emissions by contributing to reforestation projects.
Carbon offsetting is on
Short, quick getaways, typically lasting fewer than four days, are becoming more popular as people seek brief escapes without taking long vacations.
Microcations get big
A couple takes a weekend trip to a nearby city to explore local attractions and relax.
Microcations get big
Environmentally friendly hotels that prioritize sustainability in their operations are gaining popularity among eco-conscious travelers.
Green hotels check in
A hotel uses solar energy, sources food locally, and minimizes waste through recycling and composting programs.
Green hotels check in
There is a growing movement to eliminate single-use plastics in favor of more sustainable alternatives.
Single-use plastics phase out
More travelers are seeking opportunities to give back to the communities they visit through volunteer work or donations.
Giving back takes hold
A resort replaces plastic straws with biodegradable ones and offers refillable water stations instead of bottled water.
Single-use plastics phase out
Tourists participate in a community clean-up project or donate to a local school while on vacation.
Giving back takes hold
A travel company organizes women-only hiking trips in the mountains, where participants can bond and explore nature together.
Women-only trips shine
Key Players of the Tourism Industry
- Private and non-profit sectors
- Public sector services
- Suppliers such as transportation, accommodation, food and beverage services, attractions and events.
- Travel intermediaries
- The tourist themselves
Travel experiences designed exclusively for women are becoming increasingly popular, offering a sense of safety, empowerment, and community.
Women-only trips shine
A wellness retreat offers yoga and meditation sessions in a forest, emphasizing connection with nature for mental and physical health.
Wellness vacations turn to nature
Cover either national , regional or provincial tourism organizations. They come up with marketing programs to promote their destinations to both intermediaries and individual tourists. The Department of Tourism and provincial tourism offices falls under this category.
Public Sector Services
include industry association which have been established to protect special interest groups, such as travel agency associations, financial services, academe, media and insurance companies
Private and Non-profit sectors
Wellness tourism is shifting towards nature-based experiences, with travelers seeking to rejuvenate in natural settings.
Example:
Wellness vacations turn to nature
A conglomeration of various products and services, individuals and organizations, each with specific economic and political interests.
Tourism Industry
He enumerated the key players of the tourism industry.
Hudson (2008)
Transportation Industry, Accommodation Sector, Food and Beverage Sector, Attractions, Events and Conferences
Suppliers
Crucial to the success of tourism. Without an efficient transport system and road networks, tourists would not be encouraged to come to destinations that have lengthy, tiresome, and costly travel. This industry includes airlines, cruises, buses and railways.
Transportation Industry
Covers a huge part of tourist expenditures during travel. There are a variety of accommodation facilities meet the customer needs, preferences, and budget. Types of accommodation facilities ranges from five-star to economy hotels, apartelles, inns, lodges, motels, bed and breakfast, timeshare apartments, and campsites.
Accommodation Sector
another important supplier of the tourism industry. Restaurant, bars, food stalls and coffee shops help shape the total travel experience of tourists. These can range from establishments serving local food to multinational franchise restaurants such as McDonalds and Starbucks.
Food and Beverage Sector
basic requirements in having a successful tourist destination. These can be classified as natural or man-made. Tourists are drawn to attractions for various reasons such as entertainment, leisure and recreation, education, adventure, etc.
Attractions
play a key role in attracting both leisure and business travelers to a destination. Huge sporting events such as the Olympics and the World Cup attract tourists from all over the world either as participants or spectators in the event. Festivals such as the Sinulog Festival in Cebu and Dinagyang in Iloilo are able to attract thousands of tourists both local and foreign.
Events and Conferences
help bring the tourism product to the consumer. These are also known as channels of distribution. They include travel agents, tour operators, web-based distributors etc. They normally offer travel packages that makes the experience less complicated to the tourist. These packages include transportation, accommodation, food, city tours, etc.
Travel Intermediaries
The center of the tourism industry. Being the main consumers of tourism products, they choose where they want to go, what they want to eat, and what they want to do. The tourist’s satisfaction is the utmost goal of all other key players in this industry.
Tourists
