Lesson 2 - Research Significance and Process Flashcards
Why is research important?
Research helps solve real-world problems, improves knowledge, and advances technology. It supports decision-making, innovation, and education.
What is the difference between research methodology and research methods?
Research methodology is the overall strategy and framework of research, while research methods are the specific techniques used to collect and analyze data and conduct the research.
What are the 8 steps in the research process?
Identify the research problem
Review the literature
Define research objectives and hypothesis
Choose research design & methodology
Collect data
Analyze data
Interpret results and draw conclusions
Publish and communicate findings
What is research problem identification?
It is the process of finding a significant issue or knowledge gap that needs to be addressed through research.
What are the key elements of research methodology?
- Research design
- Research philosophy
- Research approach
- Research strategy
- data collection
- sampling,
- data analysis
- validity & reliability
- ethical considerations
- data interpretation.
What is the role of research objectives and hypothesis?
Research objectives define what the study aims to achieve, while a hypothesis is a testable assumption that guides the research.
Why is a literature review important in research?
A literature review helps identify research gaps, understand past studies, select appropriate methods, and build a theoretical foundation.
What makes a good research question?
A good research question is specific, researchable, and allows for meaningful analysis. Example: “How does parental education affect childhood obesity rates?”
What are the main types of research design?
Experimental, descriptive, correlational, case study, qualitative, and mixed-methods research designs.
What are the main types of data collection?
Primary Data: Collected first-hand through surveys, experiments, interviews.
Secondary Data: Existing data from books, journals, government reports.
What are the different sampling techniques?
Probability Sampling: Simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling.
Non-probability Sampling: Quota sampling, convenience sampling, snowball sampling.
What are the main types of data analysis?
Quantitative Analysis: Uses statistics, percentages, graphs.
Qualitative Analysis: Uses text interpretation, thematic coding.
What are key ethical considerations in research?
Ensuring informed consent, protecting confidentiality, avoiding plagiarism, and conducting unbiased research.
What is the purpose of data interpretation and conclusion?
helps explain research findings, answer research questions, and provide recommendations for future research.
Why is peer review important in research?
Peer review ensures the credibility, accuracy, and reliability of research findings before publication.
What are the characteristics of a strong research problem statement?
It should be factual, meaningful, testable, relevant to society, and solvable.
What is an example of a bad vs. good research problem statement?
Bad: “A novel AI algorithm for faster computing.” (Too vague, no research direction)
Good: “Improving AI model efficiency in fraud detection using deep learning.” (Specific, measurable)
What is the difference between a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis?
Null Hypothesis (H₀): States there is no relationship between variables.
Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): States there is a significant relationship between variables.
What are the different experimental research designs?
Post-Test Only Design: Compares control and experiment groups after the intervention.
Completely Randomized Design: Randomly assigns participants to groups.
Quasi-Experimental Design: Used when strict experimental control is not possible.
How is research communicated
Research findings are shared through research papers, journal articles, reports, and presentations.
What makes a research question weak or strong?
Weak: “What is the obesity rate in Nigeria?” (Too simple, just a fact)
Strong: “How does parental education level impact childhood obesity in Nigeria?” (Allows for analysis and argument)
How is research used in Computer Science?
Research helps in developing new technologies, improving cybersecurity, enhancing AI models, and optimizing programming languages.
Why are research questions important?
They define the research scope, guide data collection, and ensure meaningful analysis.
Where do researchers find literature for review?
Journals, books, abstracts, indexes, and periodicals.
