Lesson 2 - Per Dev Flashcards
What does pubertas mean?
Adult
What stage does a child prepares for copulation?
Puberty
PHYSIOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENT is evident when?
Puberty
What are the 3 stages of puberty
Pre Pubescent, Pubescent, and Post Pobescent
What is in Pre-pubescent
No secondary sexual charactersistics yet
What is in pubescent
- increase of hormones
- shifts/changes in the body
What is in post-pubescent
- changes stop
- body can now fetilize
Who is the component in Cognitive development
Jean Piaget
Progression of one’s
reasoning abilities
Cognitive development
Jean Piaget
Swiss Biologist, intellectual development, 4 stages of cognitive development
Gaining/maintaining balance (and who said this?)
Equilibration; Jean Piaget (Cognitive Development)
What are the 4 stages of cog. dev.
Sensorimotor, Pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational
Age of sensorimotor
birth to 2 yrs old
What is developed in sensorimotor
- Motor skills (basically interacting with surroundings)
- first encounter with object permanence
- mental images formed towards end of the stage
Age of pre operational
2 to 7
What is developed in pre operational
- symbolic thinking and play
- animism
- centration
- egocentric conversations
What is maintained in pre operational
Struggles with object permanence
What age is concrete operational
7 - 11
What is developed in concrete operational?
- seriation and classification
- simple math and measurement problem solve abilities
- cannot understand abstract concepts
- can take the view of the other person
- conservation and reversability
What is lessened in concrete operational
egocentric views
What age is formal operational
11 and above
What is developed in formal operational
- higher order of thinking
- abstract, hypothetical, and problem solving
- compassion
Who is the component in Psychosocial devel.
Erik Erikson
Who is erik erikson
- Americal developmental psychologist
- Born in Frankfurt, Germany
- Psychosocial development theories
Who is the person that erik erikson based his study on?
Sigmund freud
How many stages of psychosocial development did Erikson propose
8 stages of pyschosocial dev.
One of the key concepts crucial in the study of adolescence
Identity crisis
What is the break that people take in order to search for themselves
PSYCHOLOGICAL (not psychosocial) moratorium
Who are the two components of Moral Development
Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlbert
Set of guiding principles that leads one to know what is right and wrong
Morality
Individual’s development with respect to rules and conventions of interactions between people
Moral Development
Piaget’s Theory on Moral Development
- Heteronomous and Autonomous Morality
What age is heteronomous morality
4 - 7
What is in heteronomous morality
- rules are imposed from the OUTSIDE
- one needs to adhere to the laws
- punishment is given out based on the severity of the law you broke
- MORAL REALISM
What age is autonomous morality?
10 and above
What is it autonomous morality?
- rules can be changed
- MORAL RELATIVISIM
- Moralitu is based on: INTENTIONS and MOTIVES
- laws and rules are made by the PEOPLE
Transitional period in Jean piaget’s moral dev.?
7 - 10
- there will be manifest indicators
Who got inspired by the work of Jean Piaget?
Lawrence Kohlbert
What did Lawrence Kohlbert state
- Person can only go thru one stage at a time and it gets replaced right after u are done with the last one
- not everyone can reach all the stages
Lawrence Kohlbert’s theory on moral dev.
- 3 main levels and 2 stages per level
- SIX-stage theory
1.) pre conventional
2.) conventional
3.) post conventional
What is under pre conventional?
- Obedience and punishment
- personal reward
What does pre conventional state?
- the same as Piaget’s heteronomous theory
- there will be punishment and reward
- Judgement is dependent only on a person’s own observations and desires
What does obedience and punish. state?
- do something good to avoid punishment
What does personal reward state?
- do something good for a reward
What does convetional state?
- Internalize moral standards of valued role models
- Authority is internalized but not questioned
- What society and law expect from the individual
- rules to follow to be accepted and to maintain order
What is under conventional?
- Law and Order
- Interpersonal conformity
What does law and order state?
- adhering to laws to uphold order
- advocate for rules
What does interpersonal conformity state
- conforming to what most would want from you
- what is genereally accepted
What does post conventional state?
- self-chosen principles
- flexibility in accepting rules
- only 10-15% of popul. gets to this stage
- may or may not follow the rules depending on one’s choice
What is under the post conventional?
- social contract
- universal ethican principles
What does social contract state?
- rules may be bent for the greater good
- Morality is regarded as being mindful and kind to fellow human beings, respectful of law and order
- Deciding what is right or wrong is based on laws
What does universal ethical principles state?
- Individual principles and conscience
- more on what the SELF wants
- adhering to your own principles and morals regardless if this is morally accepted or not
- only listen to what you want
Tries to explain how a child understands the world, how he/she thinks, reasons out, remembers, and solves problems
Jean Piaget
What is linked to moral realism
Heteronomous morality
Believer of immanent justice that upholds punishment to a person who violates rules
Heteronomous morality
Expiatory punishment is applicable where the punishment can be related to how severe the broken rule was
Heteronomous morality
When is the transitional period from heteronomous morality to autonomous morality
7 to 10 yrs old
What is linked to Moral Relativism
Autonomous Morality
Morality is based on intentions and motives
Autonomous morality
