Lesson 2 - Nouns, Pronouns and Articles

Question 1

What are the 7 things grammar deals with ?

Answer 1

1. Parts of speech
2. Word order
3. Parts of a sentence
4. Sentence Construction
5. Paragraph Construction
6. Tenses
7. General Usage

Question 2

Identify the 9 classes of parts of speech that are commonly used ?

Answer 2

1. Nouns
2. Pronouns
3. Adjectives
4. Verbs
5. Adverbs
6. Conjunctions
7. Articles
8. Prepositions
9. Interjections

Question 3

Name the functions of the 9 classes of parts of speech commonly used ?

Answer 3

1. Names a person, Idea, place or things
2. Substitute nouns
3. Modify nouns or pronouns by describing specifying, limiting or qualifying it.
4. Express existence, action or occurrence
5. Modify verbs, adjectives and adverbs
6. Joins words, phrases or clauses
7. signal nouns and specify their applications
8. Are connecting words, which indicate a relationship between nouns and other nouns, verbs or adjectives
9. express emotion.

Question 4

Name the various parts of a sentence ?

Answer 4

1. subject
2. predicate
3. object
4. phrase
5. clause
6. antecedent

Question 5

Give a example of each part of a sentence ?

Answer 5

1. The subject is a word or phrase in a sentence that denotes the doer of the action in an active sentence, or the receiver of the action in a passive sentence.
2. The predicate is that part of the sentence that says something about the subject. The predicate consists of a verb and may incorporate other word classes
3. The object is a noun, noun phrase or pronoun that is affected by the action of a verb
4. A phrase consists of two or more words that function together as a group. We also identify various kinds of phrases.
5. A clause is a part of a sentence that contains a subject and a verb, usually joined to the rest of the sentence by a conjunction.
6. An antecedent is a word, clause or phrase, which a pronoun refers to.

Question 6

Name the types of sentences ?

Answer 6

1. Simple sentences
2. Compound sentences
3. Complex sentences
4. Compound-complex sentences

Question 7

Give explanations of the different types of sentences ?

Answer 7

1. contain one clause, which consists of one subject and one predicate
2. contain two main clauses of equal value. It is essentially two simple sentences joined by a conjunction.
3. contain one main clause and at least one subordinate clause.
4. contain at least two main clauses and at least one subordinate clause.

Question 8

Name the correct uses of business English ?

Answer 8

1. Spelling
2. pronunciation
3. Direct and indirect language
4. Punctuation
5. Active and passive voice
6. Objective ad subjective language
7. Formal and informal style
8. Person
9. Gender
10. Number

Question 9

What is the aim of punctuation ?

Answer 9

1 Separate or emphasises ideas within a single sentence

2. Make the meaning clear without slowing down the readers concentration.
3. Indicate pauses for reading script out loud.

Question 10

Give 2 examples of active and passive voice ?

Answer 10

1. Active voice- His behaviour annoyed the manager.

2. Passive voice- The manager was annoyed by his behaviour.

Question 11

What needs to be done to change from the active to passive voice ?

Answer 11

1. By looking at the verb, determine the tense.
2. The same tense of the verb to be used as well as the past participle of the verb in the passive voice
3. Determine subject of the active sentence and shift it to the predicate in the passive voice.

Question 12

Name the differences of objective and subjective Language ?

Answer 12

1. Objective language
   - Based of facts and truth
   - Used I business writing such as, minutes, meetings, e-mails, contracts, memorandums
   - Impersonal
   - Unbiased
   - Concise and short
   - Literal language
   - Unemotional
2. Subjective language
   - Filled with personal opinion which may be true
   - Used in advertising, fiction, personal letters
   - Involves personal preference
   - Baised
   - Modifying words and descriptive language
   - Figurative language
   - Emotional

Question 13

Name the differences between formal and informal style ?

Answer 13

1. Formal Style
   - Effective for all types of written and spoken messages
   - Complete and formal sentences
   - Short paragraphs and sentences
   - Simple but formal vocabulary
   - No Slang
   - No Colloquialism
2. Informal Style
   - More suitable for speaking than writing
   - incomplete sentences may be present
   - Abbreviations and short forms may be used
   - A simple vocabulary conversation
   - Slang can occur
   - colloquialisms can occur

Question 14

Name thee 3 types of persons in a sentence ad give examples ?

Answer 14

1. 1st person - I am angry
   2, 2nd Person - You are angry
2. 3rd person - He is angry