Lesson 2 - Introduction to SQL

Question 1

A standard language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data in databases.

Answer 1

SQL!
stands for Structured Query Language

Question 2

ANSI stands for…?

Bonus Tip: SQL is an ANSI standard

Answer 2

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE

Question 3

for defining the database structure and controlling access to the data.

• CREATE
• DROP
• ALTER

Answer 3

DDL (DATA DEFINTION LANGUAGE)

Question 4

for retrieving and updating data.
* INSERT INTO
* SELECT
* UPDATE
* DELETE

Answer 4

DML (Database Manipulation System)

Question 5

creates an object ( a table, for example) in the database.

Answer 5

SQL CREATE STATEMENT
CREATE DATABASE database_name;

Question 6

deletes an object in the databases usually irretrie

Answer 6

SQL DROP STATEMENT
DROP DATABASE database_name;

Question 7

modifies the structure an existing object in various ways. For example, adding a column to an existing table.

Answer 7

SQL ALTER STATEMENT
ALTER TABLE table_name;

Question 8

Each column in a database table is required to have a name and a data type.

Answer 8

SQL BASIC DATA TYPES

Question 9

SQL String Data Types (3)

Answer 9

CHAR
* VARCHAR
* TEXT

CHAR(size) Fixed length is 0-255. Default is 1.
VARCHAR(size) - variable length is 0-65535 characters.
TEXT - holds a string with a maximum length of 65, 535 bytes.

Question 10

SQL Numeric Data Types (3)

Answer 10

INT
* FLOAT
* BOOLEAN

Boolean - zero is false, and nonzero is true

Question 11

SQL Date and Time Data Types (4)

Answer 11

DATE
* DATETIME
* TIME
* YEAR

Date format is YYYY-MM-DD
Time format is hh:mm:ss

Question 12

used to specify rules for the data in a table.

Answer 12

SQL CONSTRAINTS

Question 13

SQL Constraints contains the…?

Answer 13

• NOT NULL
• UNIQUE
• PRIMARY KEY
• FOREIGN KEY
• CHECK
• DEFAULT

Question 14

is used to select data from a database.

Answer 14

SQL SELECT STATEMENT
SELECT*FROM table_name

Question 15

can be used to return only distinct (different) values.

Answer 15

SQL DISTINCT STATEMENT
SELECT DISTINCT column_name1, column_name2 FROM table_name

Question 16

is used to filter records, (numeric fields should not be enclosed in quotes)

Answer 16

SQL WHERE CLAUSE
SELECT column_name,column_name FROM table_name WHERE condition

Question 17

The ____ displays a record if both the first condition and the second condtion are true.

Answer 17

AND operator

Question 18

The ____ displays a record if either the first condition or the second condition is true.

Answer 18

** OR operator**

Question 19

The ____ keyword is used to sort the result-set by one or more columns.

Answer 19

ORDER BY

Question 20

The ____ is used in a WHERE clause to search for a specified pattern in a column.

Answer 20

LIKE operator

Question 21

character that can be used to substitute

Answer 21

WILDCARD

%- A substitute for zero or more characters
_ - A substitute for a single character.
[charlist] - Sets and ranges of characters to match.
[^charlist] or [!charlist] - Matches only a character NOT specified within the brackets.

Question 22

The ____ operator allows you to specify multiple values in a WHERE clause.

Answer 22

IN

Question 23

The ____ operator selects values within a range.

Answer 23

BETWEEN

Question 24

The ____ statement is used to insert new records in a table.

Answer 24

INSERT INTO

Question 25

The ____ statement is used to update existing records in a table.

Answer 25

UPDATE
duh:0

Question 26

The ____ statement is used to delete rows in a table.

Answer 26

DELETE
well duh:D

Question 27

The ____ function returns the number of rows that matches a specified criteria.

Answer 27

COUNT()

Question 28

The ____ function returns the average value of a a numeric column.

Answer 28

AVG()

Question 29

The ____ function returns the total sum of a numeric column.

Answer 29

SUM()

Question 30

The ____ function returns the smallest value of the selected column, while the ____ function returns the largest.

Answer 30

MIN
and
MAX