Lesson 2 Collection of Data Flashcards
Is a characteristic that changes or varies over time and/or for different individuals or objects under consideration.
Variable
Is the individual or object on which a variable is measured. A single measurement or data value results when a variable is actually measured on an __________.
Experimental Unit
Is the set of all measurements of interest to the investigator
Population
is a subset of measurements selected from the population of interest.
Sample
result when a single variable is measured on a single experimental unit.
Univariate data
- result when two variables are measured on a single experimental unit.
-result when more than two variables are measured.
Bivariate and Multivariate Data
measure a quality or characteristic on each experimental unit.
Qualitative variables
measure a numerical quantity or amount on each experimental unit.
Quantitative variables
can assume only a finite or countable number of values.
Discrete Variable
can assume the infinitely many values corresponding to the points on a line interval.
Continuous Variable
These are values (measurements or observations) that the variables can assume.
Data
The data use numbers or symbols for the purpose of categorizing subjects into groups or categories which are mutually exclusive.
Nominal Data
The data possess all the properties of the nominal data but the data here are ranked or ordered.
Ordinal Data
The data are numeric in nature and the distance between two numbers are known. The same difference at two places on the scale has the same meaning. It does not have a stable starting point or absolute zero.
Interval Data
It has the same properties as interval level but the zero-point value in this level is absolute (or have clear definition of 0).
Ratio Data
A numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a population
Parameter
A numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a sample
Statistic
Primary data is original data collected for a specific research purpose. Common methods include:
Primary Data Collection
Using existing data that has already been collected and recorded by others, such as published reports, online databases, government statistics, and media sources.
Secondary Data Collection
is the error attributed to the variation present among the computed values of the statistic from the different possible samples consisting of n elements.
Sampling error
is the error from other sources apart from sampling fluctuations.
Non-sampling error
is the population we want to study.
Target Population
is the population from where we actually select the sample.
Sampled Population
is a list or map showing all the sampling units in the population.
Sampling Frame
It is a method of gathering data from every unit in the population.
Census or Complete Enumeration
It is a method of gathering data from every selected sample in a given population. It can either be probability or non-probability sampling.
Survey Sampling
It is procedure wherein every element of the population is given a (known) nonzero chance of being selected in the sample
Probability Sampling
It is a procedure wherein not all the elements in the population are given a chance of being included in the sample.
Non-Probability Sampling
