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Computer Networks > Lesson 2 — CCNA module 1-7 > Flashcards

Lesson 2 — CCNA module 1-7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are end devices?

A

An end device is either the source or destination of a message transmitted over the network. Each end device on a network has an address.

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2
Q

What is an intermediary device?

A

Intermediary devices connect the individual end devices to the network. These intermediary devices provide connectivity and ensure that data flows across the network.

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3
Q

What is a Network Media?

A

The physical or wireless channels used to transmit data between devices, encompassing things like cables, wires, and radio waves

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4
Q

What are the 3 access methods?

A

Console, Secure Shell (SSH), and Telnet

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5
Q

What is a console?

A

A physical management port used to access a device in order to provide maintenance, such as performing the initial configurations.

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6
Q

What is a Secure Shell?

A

Establishes a secure remote CLI connection to a device, through a virtual interface, over a network.

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7
Q

What is a Telnet?

A

Establishes an insecure remote CLI connection to a device over the network.

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8
Q

What is the User EXEC Mode used for?

A

It allows access to only a limited number of basic monitoring commands

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9
Q

What is the privileged EXEC mode used for?

A

It allows access to all commands and features

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10
Q

What is the Global configuration mode used for?

A

Used to access configuration options on the device

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11
Q

What is the Line Configuration Mode used for?

A

Used to configure console, SSH, Telnet or AUX access

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12
Q

What is the Interface Configuration Mode used for?

A

Used to configure a switch port or router interface

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13
Q

What is the primary use of IP addresses?

A

IP addresses enable devices to locate one another and establish end-to-end communication on the internet.

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14
Q

What is the structure of an IPv4 address called?

A

Dotted decimal notation.

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15
Q

How is an IPv4 address represented in dotted decimal notation?

A

As four decimal numbers between 0 and 255, separated by dots.

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16
Q

What is an IPv4 subnet mask?

A

A 32-bit value that separates the network portion from the host portion of an IPv4 address.

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17
Q

What role does the subnet mask play in networking?

A

It determines to which subnet a device belongs when combined with the IPv4 address.

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18
Q

What is the default gateway in a network?

A

The IP address of the router that a host uses to access remote networks, including the internet.

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19
Q

How long is an IPv6 address?

A

128 bits.

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20
Q

How are IPv6 addresses written?

A

As a string of 32 hexadecimal values, with every 4 bits represented by one hexadecimal digit.

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21
Q

How are groups of digits separated in an IPv6 address?

A

Groups of four hexadecimal digits are separated by colons (:).

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22
Q

Are IPv6 addresses case-sensitive?

A

No, IPv6 addresses are not case-sensitive and can be written in either lowercase or uppercase.

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23
Q

What is a protocol?

A

A network protocol defines a common set of rules

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24
Q

Where can network protocols can be implemented?

A

Software, Hardware or both

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25
What are the different types of protocols?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Internet Protocol (IP), and Ethernet
26
What is the core function of an HTTP?
- Governs the way a web server and a web client interact - Defines content and format
27
What is the core function of a TCP?
- Manages the individual conversations - Provides guaranteed delivery - Manages flow control
28
What is the core function of an IP?
Delivers messages globally from the sender to the receiver
29
What is the core function of an Ethernet?
Delivers messages from one NIC to another NIC on the same Ethernet Local Area Network (LAN)
30
What is a protocol suite?
It's a group of inter-related protocols necessary to perform a communication function. These are sets of rules that work together to help solve a problem
31
In what form are protocols viewed as?
Layers (higher and lower)
32
What are the different protocol suites?
Internet Protocol Suite or TCP/IP and Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocols
33
Where do TCP/IP protocols operate?
They operate at the application, transport and internet layers.
34
What are the different layer names in a TCP/IP protocol? (in order)
1) Application -> HTTP 2) Transport -> TCP 3) Internet -> IP 4) Network access -> Ethernet
35
How does the TCP/IP Communication process work?
To send data, the process goes through all the layers in order starting from the Application layer (encapsulation). To receive data, the process goes through all the layers in the opposite order starting from the Ethernet layer (de-encapsulation)
36
What are the different layers in the OSI model? (in order)
1) Physical -> Ethernet 2) Data Link -> Ethernet 3) Network -> Ethernet 4) Transport -> TCP 5) Session -> HTTP 6) Presentation -> HTTP 7) Application -> HTTP
37
What is the Application layer in the OSI model?
It contains protocols used for process-to-process communications.
38
What is the Presentation layer in the OSI model?
Provides for common representation of the data transferred between application layer services.
39
What is the Session layer in the OSI model?
It provides services to the presentation layer and to manage data exchange.
40
What is the transport layer in the OSI model?
It defines services to segment, transfer, and reassemble the data for individual communications.
41
What is the Network layer in the OSI model?
Provides services to exchange the individual pieces of data over the network.
42
What is the Data Link layer in the OSI model?
It describes methods for exchanging data frames over a common media.
43
What is the Physical layer in the OSI model?
It describes the means to activate, maintain, and de-activate physical connections.
44
What is the Application layer in the TCP/IP model?
It represents data to the user, plus encoding and dialog control.
45
What is the Transport layer in the TCP/IP model?
it Supports communication between various devices across diverse networks.
46
What is the Internet layer in the TCP/IP model?
It determines the best path through the network.
47
What is the Network Access layer in the TCP/IP model?
It controls the hardware devices and media that make up the network.
48
What is segmenting in Data Encapsulation?
it's the process of breaking up messages into smaller units.
49
What is Multiplexing in Data Encapsulation?
Multiplexing is the processes of taking multiple streams of segmented data and interleaving them together.
50
What are the two primary benefits of Segmenting messages.
It increases speed and efficiency.
51
What is sequencing in Data Encapsulation?
Sequencing messages is the process of numbering the segments so that the message may be reassembled at the destination.
52
What is responsible for sequencing the individual segments?
The TCP
53
What is Encapsulation in Data encapsulation?
It's the process where protocols add their information to the data
54
What is a Protocol Data Unit?
A Protocol Data Unit (PDU) is a unit of information exchanged between network entities.
55
What happens to a PDU at each stage of encapsulation?
It gets a different name to reflect its new function.
56
Is there a universal naming convention for PDUs?
No, naming conventions can vary; in this course, PDUs are named according to the TCP/IP suite.
57
What are the names of the PDUs as they pass down the TCP/IP stack?
1) Data (Data Stream) 2) Segment 3) Packet 4) Frame 5) Bits (Bit Stream)
58
Which layers in the OSI model use addressing for data delivery?
Both the data link and network layers.
59
What is the role of network layer source and destination addresses?
To deliver the IP packet from the original source to the final destination.
60
What is the role of data link layer source and destination addresses?
To deliver the data link frame from one NIC to another NIC on the same network.
61
What are the two IP addresses that an IP packet contains?
The source and destination Ip address
62
What is the source IP address?
The IP address of the sending device, original source of the packet.
63
What is the destination IP address?
The IP address of the receiving device, final destination of the packet.
64
What is a Layer 3 logical address?
A unique identifier assigned to devices on a network, enabling data packets to be routed across different networks
65
What are the two parts of an IP address?
- Network portion (IPv4) or Prefix (IPv6) - Host portion (IPv4) or Interface ID (IPv6)
66
67
What is the Network portion (IPv4) or Prefix (IPv6) in an IP address?
The left-most part of the address indicates the network group which the IP address is a member.
68
What is the Host portion (IPv4) or Interface ID (IPv6) in an IP address?
The remaining part of the address identifies a specific device within the group. This portion is unique for each device on the network.
69
What happens when devices are on the same L3 network?
The source and destination will have the same number in network portion of the address.

Computer Networks (6 decks)

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