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Communication Sciences and Disorders > Lesson 2- Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Lesson 2- Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of body structures

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of body function

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3
Q

Superior/Cranial

A

Toward the top

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4
Q

Inferior/Caudal

A

Toward the bottom

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5
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Toward the front or abdomen

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6
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Toward the back

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7
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

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8
Q

Lateral/Peripheral

A

Toward the side

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9
Q

External/Superficial

A

Toward the surface

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10
Q

Internal/Deep

A

Toward the inside

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11
Q

Proximal

A

Toward the body

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12
Q

Origin

A

Where the muscle begins

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13
Q

Insertion

A

Where the muscle ends

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14
Q

Action

A

What the muscle does

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15
Q

Respiration

A

PULMONARY- air generated from the lungs

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16
Q

Phonation

A

LARYNGEAL- Airflow vibrates vocal folds

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17
Q

Articulation and Resonance

A

Sound is shaped by the vocal tract and articulators

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18
Q

What is the generating source of speech?

A

Respiration

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19
Q

What are the functions of Respiration

A
  1. Supply Oxygen to the blood
  2. Remove excess carbon dioxide from the body
  3. Generating source for speech production
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20
Q

What are the components of the structural framework of respiration

A
  1. Vertebral collum
    2.Thorax
    3.Pectoral Girdle
  2. Pelvic Girdle
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21
Q

What are the components of the Vertebral Collum

A

Cervical vertebrae (7)
Thoracic vertebrae (12)
Lumbar vertebrae (5)
Sacral and Sacrum (5 fused)
Coccygeal and Coccyx (3-5 fused)

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22
Q

What are the components of the Thorax

A

Thoracic vertebrae
Sternum
Ribs

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23
Q

What are the components of the ribs

A

True (7)
False (3)
Floating (2)

24
Q

What are the components of the Pectoral Girdle

A

Clavicle
Scapula

25
What are the components of the Pelvic Girdle
Pelvic Bones
26
What are the primary structures of Respiration
Trachea Lungs Diaphragm External Intercostals Internal Intercostals Sternocleidomastoid Anterior and Lateral Abdominal Muscles
27
What is needed to have one full respiratory cycle
One inhalation and One exhalation
28
Quiet Breathing
Everyday breathing
28
What is the purpose of Quiet Breathing
Supplies oxygen to the blood Removes excess carbon dioxide from the body
28
What is the purpose of Speech Breathing
Generating source for speech production
28
What are the biological functions of the Larynx
Protect the airway Build-up pressure
29
Speech Breathing
Breathing to produce speech
30
What are the non-biological functions of the Larynx
Sound generator for speech production Adjust voice pitch, loudness, and quality
31
Location of the Larynx
Superior to trachea Anterior to cervical vertebrae Anterior to esophagus
32
Hyoid Bone
NOT PART OF THE LARYNX Point of attachment
33
Cartilages of the Larynx
Epiglottis Thyroid Cricoid Arytenoid
34
Epiglottis Cartilage
Leaf-shaped Elastic Attaches to thyroid cartilage MOVES TO COVER LARYNX
35
Thyroid Cartilage
Largest Forms anterior and lateral walls Laryngeal prominence (Adams apple)
36
Cricoid Cartilage
Inferior to Thyroid Superior to Trachea Ring Shaped FORMS INFERIOR BORDER
37
Arytenoid Cartilages
2 smallest cartilages Pyramid-shaped FORMS POSTERIOR BORDER MOVEMENT MAKES VOCAL CORDS OPEN AND CLOSE
38
Musculature of the Larynx
Extrinsic Muscles Intrinsic Muscles Adductors Abductors
39
Extrinsic Muscles
Connect to structures outside the larynx
40
Intrinsic Muscles
Connect to structures within the larynx
41
Adductors
Lateral Cricoarytenoid Interarytenoids
42
What do the Adductors do?
Pushes the vocal folds together
43
Abductors
Posterior Cricoarytenoid
44
What do the Abductors do?
Pull the vocal folds apart
45
Vocal Folds
Bands of muscle and tissue that vibrate to create sound
46
Adduct
Come together
47
Abduct
Move apart
48
Glottis
Variable space between the vocal folds
49
Voiced Sound
Vibrates throat EX "ZZ"
50
Voiceless Sound
No throat vibrations EX "SS"
51
What are the Voice Dimensions
Pitch Loudness Quality
52
Pitch
Perception of highness or lowness of a voice
53
Loudness
Perception of softness or loudness of a voice
54
Quality
Perception of smooth vs rough; clear vs breathy

Communication Sciences and Disorders (1 decks)

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