Lesson 2 Flashcards
sourced from artifacts that have been left by the past
Historical Data
Types of Artifacts
- Remains or relics
- Testemonies of witnesses
those materials from which the historians construct meaning
Hisotrical sources
the result of such depeiction
Historical work or interpretation
whose existence offer researchers a clue about the past
Relics or remains
samples of relics or remains
- strand of hair
- book
- manuscript
- portrait
- archeological remains
- anthropological remains
it is type of artifacts which are never the happenings or the events
remains or relics
type of artifacts that are whether oral or written
Testemonies of witnesses
samples of testemonies of witnesses
- record of property taxes
- speeches
- commentaries
what does historian deals;
- dynamic or genetic (the becoming)
- static (the being)
- interpretative (why, how)
- descriptive (what, when, where, who)
types of written sources
- narrative or literature
- diplomatic sources
- social documents
type of written source that is presented in narrrative form written to impart a message whose motives for their composition vary widely
Narrative or literature
samples of narrative or literature written sources
- newspaper
- personal document or ego document
- diary or memoir
- novel or film
- biography
it is a type of written source that is broader than what is usually considered fiction
narrative source
type of written source: document/record an existing legal situation
diplomatic source
type of writeen source: treated as the purest, the “best” source
diplomatic source
type of written source: possess specific fromal properties, related to law
diplomatic source
type of written source: norms of laws and by tradition
diplomatic source
type of written source: information pertaining to economic, social, political or judicial significance
social documents
type of written sources: records kept by bureaucracies
social documents
type of written source: examples= parliamentary procedure, civil registry records, property regusters, and records of census
social documents
types of non-written sources
- material evidence
- oral evidence
type of non-written source: also known as archaeological evidence
material evidence
tyep of non-written source: most important unwritten evidences
material evidence or archaeological evidence
type of non-written source: artsitic creations = pottery, jewelry, dwellings, graves, churches, roads
material evidence or archaeological evidence
type of non-written source: reveal a great deal about the socio-cultural interconnectedness of the different groups
material evidence
tyep of non-written source: told by tales or sagas
oral evidence
type of non-written source: folk songs or popular rituals
oral evidence
tyep of non-written source: interviews is another major form of
oral evidence
two general kinds of historical sources
- primary soirces
- secondary sources
kind of historical sources: first-hand account
primary sources
kind of historical source: usually written, original and factual, not interpretative
primary source
kind of historical source: key function= provide facts
primary source
examples of primary sources
diaries, journals, letters, newspaper, magazine articles, government records
kind of historical source: analyzes and interprets primary sources
secondary sources
kind of historical source: interpretation of second-hand account of a historical event
secondary sources
kind of historical source: materials made by people long after the events being described had taken to provide valuable interpretations of historical events
secondary source
kind of historical source: examples: biographies, histories, literary criticism
secondary source
examines the origins of earliest text to appreciate the underlying circumstances
Historical criticism
2 important goals of historical criticism:
- discover the original meaning of the texts ( primitive or historical context) and its literal sense or sensus literalis historicus
- establish a reconstruction of the historical situation of the author and recipients of the text
two type of historical criticism
- extrernal criticism
- internal criticism
methodologies o fhistorical criticism
- source criticism
- form criticism
- redaction criticism
- traditional criticism
- canonical criticism
- related methodologies
methodology of historical criticism: analyzes and studies the sources used by biblical authors
source criticism
methodology of historical criticism: determine a unit’s original form
- historical context of the literary tradition
form criticism
methodology of historical criticism:
- regards the author of the text as editor of the source materials
redaction criticism
methodology of historical criticism:
- trace the developmental stages of the oral tradition ( historical emergence - literary presentation
tradition criticism
methodology of historical criticism: focuses its interpretation of the bible on the text of biblical canon
canonical criticism
two parts pof historical criticism
- determine the authenticity of the material (provenance of a source) - external criticism
- weigh the testimony to the truth - internal criticism or higher criticism
determines the authenticity of the source
external criticism
two ways to test the authenticity of the material
- palaeographical (dating of historical manuscript)
- diplomatic criticism (how the document came to be, relationship between facts)
determines the historicity of the facts contained
internal criticism
it is not necessary to prove the authenticity of the material or document
internal criticism
test the facts contain in the document
internal criticism
the disciplines of paleography and diplomatics were founded in and by?
17th century by Dom Jean Mabillon
idiom, othography, or punctuation
anachronistic styles
