Lesson 2 Flashcards
Naturally occurring inorganic solids.
Minerals
Distinctive color used for identification.
Color
Color of the mineral in powdered form.
Streak
Reflectivity of the mineral’s surface.
Luster
Resistance to stretching (measured by Mohs scale).
Hardness
Ratio of the mineral’s weight to an equal amount of water.
Specific Gravity
Why are minerals considered natural?
They are derived from natural geologic processes.
shows the true color of the mineral in powdered form.
streak
indicates how much the surface of a mineral reflects light.
Luster
What scale is used to measure the hardness of minerals?
Mohs scale
measures the ability of a mineral to resist stretching.
Hardness
compares the weight of the mineral to the weight of an equal amount of water.
specific gravity
5 most common minerals
Quartz, Feldspar, Calcite, Olivine, Chalcopyrite
What is quartz used for?
to make jewelry and components in computers
uses of feldspar?
making ceramics, pottery, and construction materials.
How does feldspar crystallize?
intrusive and extrusive rocks.
What is Calcite used for?
to make cements, paints, and glass.
In what types of rocks is calcite commonly found?
sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks.
What is olivine commonly used for?
Olivine is used to make high-quality gemstones.
What is chalcopyrite a source of?
Copper
appearance of chalcopyrite?
Black or gray metallic mineral
3 types of rocks
Sedimentary rock, metamorphic rock, igneous rock
What rock is formed from pieces of existing rock or organic material?
Sedimentary rock
What rock changed from their original form by heat or pressure?
metamorphic rock
What rock is formed when molten material cools and solidifies?
igneous rock
What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?
Clastic Sedimentary Rock, Organic Sedimentary Rock, Chemical Sedimentary Rock.
forms from other pieces of rocks.
Clastic sedimentary rock
forms from biological materials.
Organic Sedimentary rock
forms from chemical precipitation.
Chemical sedimentary rock
formed when existing rocks are changed from their original form by immense heat or pressure.
Metamorphic rock
Occurs in areas that have undergone deformation during orogenic events resulting in mountain belts.
Regional metamorphism
Pre existing rocks get in contact with heat source
Contact metamophism
fine-grained rocks that form through contact metamorphism of non-carbonate rocks.
Non-foliated rocks
formed when molten hot material cools and solidifies.
Igneous rocks
two types of igneous rocks
Intrusive igneous rocks and extrusive igneous rocks
igneous rocks form beneath the surface
Intrusive
igneous rocks form on the surface
Extrusive
