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NSTP- FINALS > LESSON 2 > Flashcards

LESSON 2 Flashcards

1
Q

__ has been a key factor in disaster management particularly when it comes to controlling the loss due to the impact of disaster that have struck an area. The loss may vary from simple break in the resources up to the more severe one such as having a mass casualties and victims whose life is at risk.

A

Disaster response

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2
Q

When __ within your area list down the 5 things that you need to do. Also list down 5 things that you should avoid during times of disaster.

A

disaster strikes

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3
Q

__ is the action that is being done by people during before and after the impact of disaster no matter what type that hits the area. One of the most common effect of disaster is that there would be victims.

A

Disaster Response

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4
Q

As a member of the community and future professional it is a key point that each individual must have basic information on how to apply __ based on the different situation.

A

First Aid

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5
Q

__ are people who have been incapacitated or injured that needs help.

A

Victims

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6
Q

__ is immediate act of providing care towards the victim.

A

First-aid

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7
Q

First- aud aims to provide the following:

A

 Preventing the condition to worsen.
 Prevent additional number of casualties.
 Promote better patient handling.
 Mitigate victim’s suffering.

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8
Q

The components of first-aid

A

Victim
Helper
Sickness/Injury
Physiological
Psychological

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9
Q

Identifying, assessing the condition. It is someone who needs help

A

Victim

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10
Q

the one who will provide assistants and the one who will be performing first aid to the victim.

A

Helper

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11
Q

The one responsible for the victim’s suffering. It may be classified into the following

A

Sickness/Injury

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12
Q

injury from blunt trauma or wounds

A

Physiological

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13
Q

stress on the person’s mind due to the impact of disaster.

A

Psychological

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14
Q

We need to learn the ABC’s of prioritizing the victim’s condition.

A

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation

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15
Q

Unlike in the situation where we look first to those who are in critical situation. We need to identify first those who are able to move. The reason for this is that we can use them as an additional resource of manpower in helping those who are in critical state.

A

Prioritization

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16
Q

let us now categorize injuries that we may encounter during times of disaster.

A

Injuries and their First-Aid

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17
Q

During certain disasters, a __ wound may occur, e.g., piercing by flying building material during a cyclone, being struck down by building debris, scratching by a sharp object.

A

Bleeding

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18
Q

• Whenever there is a loss of blood exceeding 1.__ of the total blood in a human body, this may cause
2.__ and when no immediate help is given could result in 3.__.

A
  1. 20%
  2. unconsciousness
  3. death
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19
Q

• Blood flows from the wound. A wound represents a 1.__ for microorganisms enter the body, therefore the wound should be 2.__to prevent possible infection.

A
  1. window
  2. covered immediately
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20
Q
  1. __occurs when there is no open wound but bleeding occurs within the body of the victim. The areas that are prone to _ are the 2.__, the __ . The best action for this it to 3.__, and by taking him/her a clinic or hospital as quickly as possible, because the treatment is limited to those with special competence.
A
  1. Internal bleeding
  2. thoracic cavity, stomach cavity and the head
  3. calm the victim
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21
Q

Occurs when skin is scratched and blood seeps out of the body which can be classified into different types

A

External bleeding

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22
Q

External bleeding different types:

A

Puncture
Abrasion
Laceration
Avulsion
Incision
Amputation

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23
Q

A type of wound that is caused by an object piercing through the flesh.

A

Puncture

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24
Q

It mainly caused by scraping or friction with a rough object.

A

Abrasion

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25
Q

This type is seen to be caused by tearing or crushing force.

A

Laceration

26
Q

A wound wherein the tissue is detached from the normal

A

Avulsion

27
Q

This is caused by a sharp object cutting through the flesh.

A

Incision

28
Q

A loss of limb or parts such as finger due to crushing or tearing force.

A

Amputation

29
Q

Things to consider when providing first-aid to external wound.

A

 Prevent the bleeding by applying pressure to the wound with a clean cloth or a gauze.
 If an object is lodged on the wound do not attempt to pull the impaled object.
 Clean the wound with antiseptic solution to prevent further infection
 Locate and position the wound and place it in higher position to minimize blood flow.
 Cover the wound with a clean cloth or gauze to prevent possibility of infection.
 You may use tourniquet or clean bandages to apply pressure to the vessels.

30
Q

A type of injury that may be caused by the fire, electric shock, and chemical. Avoid giving menthol-based cream to the burned victim. Since menthol only increases the pain, the patient is experiencing, it doesn’t cool them.

A

Burn

31
Q

Burn types

A

Friction burn
Cold burn
Thermal burn
Chemical burn
Electrical burn

32
Q

Caused by object being rubbed onto the skin.

A

Friction Burn

33
Q

Also known as frostbite due to the extreme low temperature.

A

Cold Burn

34
Q

Caused by sudden spike in the temperature due to extreme heat.

A

Thermal Burn

35
Q

Caused by solvents coming in contact with the body.

A

Chemical Burn

36
Q

Caused by the current flowing through the body.

A

Electrical Burn

37
Q

Also known as surface burn. The only affected part is the outer layer of the skin. It is considered to be the most painful degree of burn. The burned part may appear to be red and warm to touch.

A

1st Degree

38
Q

The burn that goes deeper into the dermis blister may form. The part may look swollen and red. Depends on the depth a scar may form causing permanent damage.

A

2nd Degree

39
Q

Severe form of burn wherein two full layers of the skin and layers of muscle got damaged. Instead of appearing red the burnt area may appear black from the muscles being seared. No pain can be felt due to the pain receptors being totally damaged.

A

3rd Degree

40
Q

In the case of __ instead of redness the color of the skin is that purple shade due to sheer cold to touch the severe case may show signs that the patient no longer feels pain or any other stimulus in the affected area due to the damaged nerve endings in the skin.

A

frostbite

41
Q

First-Aid for Burn

A

 Try to cool down the affected area by pouring or by soaking in a cold water.
 Do not pop the blisters, it will only cause the area to be prone to infection. In case of the burn wound begins to peel off immediately cover with a clean cloth or gauze. This is done to prevent infection from occurring at the burn site.
 When proving bandage to the wound it is better to know that it is more important to use gauze instead of cotton to prevent fibers sticking to the wound.
 Bandaging of wound is different from bandaging a burn. The main focus for burn is to completely cover the wound than tightening the bandage.

42
Q

This injury is formed by the bones being broken due to trauma or crushing forces from a falling debris or the person falling from a certain height.

A

Fracture

43
Q

Types of Fractures

A

 Closed:
Greenstick
Transverse
Spiral
Oblique
Segmental
Compression
 Open
 Comminuted

44
Q

A type of fracture wherein the broken bone occurs from within and is classified to different forms.

A

Closed

45
Q

the bone is partially broken.

A

Greenstick

46
Q

the broken line is through the bone but there is no detachment.

A

Transverse

47
Q

the bone is broken in a __ direction mainly from twisting.

A

Spiral

48
Q

The bone is broken in a diagonal position; it can also be seen on the open type fracture.

A

Oblique

49
Q

The bone is broken into two way leaving a floating bone in the middle.

A

Segmental

50
Q

The bone is crushed causing it to be wider and flatter.

A

Compression

51
Q

A fracture wherein the bone protrudes from the flesh and skin.

A

Open

52
Q

The bone is shattered into two or more pieces.

A

Comminuted

53
Q

First-Aid for fractured victims.
In attending for fractured victim, we must recognize first the signs and symptoms which are the following:

A

 Black and blue
 Swollen
 Very painful when touched or moved
 Change in form
 Broken neck bone can be noticed when there are wounds on both head and neck
 Broken backbone can be noticed when there is a difference in the length of the legs
 Broken rib-bone is followed by breathing difficulties.

54
Q

The main priority in providing first-aid for fractures is that we need to __ the affected area by means of bandaging or securing the parts with splints.

A

immobilize

55
Q

If the area like the__ is broken a splint in no longer needed, instead bind the shoulder to retain and secure the position.

A

collarbone

56
Q

For the __ fixate the position without moving the affected area and cover the wound to prevent entry for infection.

A

open fracture

57
Q

This bag can be made by everyone wherein it should always be with you at all times as a form of disaster response.

A

Emergency Response bag/Disaster Kit

58
Q

The content of the emergency response bag should be as follows;

A

 Antiseptic Solutions (betadine, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol)
 Gauze
 Adhesive tape
 Band-aid
 Scissors
 Bandage
 Tweezers
 Cotton balls
 Medicines (pain reliever, paracetamol, loperamide)

59
Q

For the disaster kit it should have the following:

A

 Bottled water
 Mobile phone
 Additional money
 Sweets/crackers
 Flashlight
 Whistle
 Emergency rope
 Multipurpose tool
 Waterproof matches

60
Q

It is better if you always participate during __ as well a converse with family members as to how to performs your specific roles and conduct drills at home for disaster preparedness.

A

disaster drill

NSTP- FINALS (3 decks)

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