LESSON 2

Question 1

Consists of asking a series of critical questions in order to unmask the sophistry of those who claim to hold a monopoly for the truth

Answer 1

Socratic method

Question 2

who used the socratic method in his writings?

Answer 2

plato

Question 3

were itinerant teachers who specialized in rhetoric and in the techniques of teaching of philosophy in Athens during the 5th BCE

Answer 3

sophists

Question 4

refers to the statements of fact that are supported by evidence

Answer 4

truth

Question 5

is something that has actually happened and, in the sense, it can be proven or refuted

Answer 5

fact

Question 6

is an expression of personal belief, feeling, or viewpoint about something

Answer 6

opinion

Question 7

the french philosopher that is the father of modern philosophy

Answer 7

rene descartes

Question 8

he devised a method, consisting of rules and principles that intend to put discipline and direction to the human mind - the methodic doubt

Answer 8

descartes

Question 9

is a principle that seeks what can be considered as indubitable

Answer 9

methodic doubt

Question 10

doubts everything in order to have a firm foundation for all of our truth-claims.

Answer 10

cartesianism

Question 11

the basis of knowledge is ___, just like in mathematics

Answer 11

certainty

Question 12

For ___, when scientists work things out on the basis of existing norms, what we have called normal science.

Answer 12

Kuhn

Question 13

he tells us that scientists capitalize on the previous knowledge in their field. Past scientific discoveries are source of background information

Answer 13

Kuhn

Question 14

the science of the essence of consciousness

Answer 14

phenomenology

Question 15

who founded phenomenology

Answer 15

edmund husserl

Question 16

Thought of philosophy as a rigorous science or the science of sciences.

Answer 16

Husserl

Question 17

For him, our consciousness is always intentional. This is what pure reflection is all about.

Answer 17

Husserl

Question 18

the process of knowing the meaning of “things as they are in themselves” is called what

Answer 18

epoche

Question 19

refers to the reduction of our experiences

Answer 19

epoche or bracketing

Question 20

Husserl tells us in ______ that the primary mode of consciousness within the reduction, then, is reflection

Answer 20

The Idea of Phenomenology

Question 21

The object of perception is reduced to its essence. Through this, the possibilities of lived phenomena are uncovered.

Answer 21

Eidetic reduction

Question 22

For this thought, being and nonbeing are one

Answer 22

oriental thought

Question 23

The ____ states that “The Tao is nameless because it is not a concrete, individual thing or describable in particular terms.”

Answer 23

Tao Te Ching of Lao Tzu

Question 24

Are patterns according to which all things come into being and Tao is the cause of their being

Answer 24

Principles

Question 25

Chinese philosopher who spoke about virtue through the idea of Ren or human-heartedness

Answer 25

Confucius

Question 26

According to Peimin Ni, this has been translated as benevolence, human-heartedness, altruism, humanity, goodness, etc.

Answer 26

Ren

Question 27

Can help us to discern what is right and wrong and decide about the right thing to do

Answer 27

Golden Rule