Lesson 19 - Manage Basic Network Settings Flashcards
What do the terms “interface,”“protocol,” and “service” mean in relation to computer networks?
An interface is any channel through which network data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections, and virtual network interfaces are logical network connections that ride on top of hardware network connections. A protocol is a set of rules used to describe a specific type of network communication. Protocols are necessary for separate network devices to communicate properly. Finally, a network service (as it pertains to Network preferences) is the collection of settings that define a network connection.
What’s the purpose of Internet Protocol v4 (IPv4) addresses and subnet masks?
The IP address identifies the location of a network device. IP addresses are the primary identification used by the Internet protocol suite TCP/IP for both LANs and WANs. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range and to determine whether outgoing data is destined for a network device on the LAN.
How does IPv4 addressing differ from IPv6 addressing?
Most common IP addresses and subnet masks share the same IPv4 formatting. An IPv4 address is a 32-bit number represented in four groups of three-digit numbers, known as octets, separated by periods. Each octet has a value between 0 and 255. An IPv6 address is a 128-bit number that’s presented in eight groups of four- digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. This allows for a huge range of addresses, and as a result IPv6 addressing essentially includes subnet information.
How does the IP use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a local area network (LAN)?
If a network device needs to send data to another network device on the same LAN, it addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device’s MAC address.
How does the IP transfer messages between computers over a wide area network (WAN)?
A network client uses the subnet mask to determine whether the destination IP address is on the LAN. If the destination IP address isn’t on the LAN, it’s assumed that the destination address is on another network, and the client sends the data to the IP address of the local network router. The network router then sends the data, through a WAN connection, to another router that it thinks is closer to the destination. This continues across WAN connections from router to router until the data reaches its destination.
How is the Domain Name Service (DNS) used to facilitate network naming?
The DNS is used to translate host names to IP addresses through forward lookups and translate IP addresses to host names through reverse lookups. DNS is architected as a hierarchy of worldwide domain servers. Local DNS servers provide name resolution and possibly host names for local clients. These local DNS servers connect to DNS servers higher in the DNS hierarchy to resolve both unknown host names and host local domain names.
What’s used to identify a Wi-Fi network?
A Service Set Identifier, or SSID, is used to identify a Wi-Fi network name and associated configuration.
Which Wi-Fi authentication protocols are supported by macOS Sierra?
macOS Sierra supports authenticated Wi-Fi by using the following authentication protocols: WEP, WPA/WPA2 Personal, and WPA/WPA2 Enterprise, which includes support for 802.1X authentication.
How can macOS Sierra automatically connect to a Wi-Fi network?
A new Mac can automatically connect only to Wi-Fi networks that have no standard authentication mechanism, known as an “open network.” However, a configured Mac can automatically reconnect to authenticated Wi-Fi networks, if the appropriate information was saved to the Keychain system.
Through which mechanism can a standard user configure Wi-Fi settings?
A standard user can connect to any non-WPA Enterprise Wi-Fi network through the Wi-Fi status menu. Because the system Keychain must be modified for WPA Enterprise connections, only an administrative user can establish these connection types.
