LESSON 18 - Rizal: The Political, Historical, Economic and Sociological Thought

Question 1

What are the Four Political Ideas of Rizal?

Answer 1

• industrial democrat and, strictly in a legal and political sense
• an anti-cleric
• thought of the liberation of his country as a gradual process, one
• chiefly of education
• freedom without the knowledge of how to use it meant absolutely
• nothing

Question 2

What are the 6 Political Reforms?

Answer 2

1. Representation of the country in the Spanish Cortes
2. Secularization of the priesthood
3. Reform administration in all its branches
4. Divide civil appointments equally between Spaniard and Filipinos
5. Cleanse the administration of justice. Spain’s courts of justice were the foulest blot on her colonial administration.
6. That the government should encourage individual incentive and striving in all fields. It should guarantee liberty, opportunity and strictly limited concentration of power. There should be different rewards proportionate to the difference in skills and abilities.

Question 3

What are the two literary books under Historical View?

Answer 3

• Annotation of Antonio de Morga’ Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
• The Philippines Within a Century

Question 4

Historical View - What Literary Work

• provided the seeds of the idea of how the Filipinos should view themselves amidst a growing nationalism that eventually led to the formation of a nation
• proved that the Filipinos were already civilized before the advent of Spain

Answer 4

Annotation of Antonio de Morga’ Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

Question 5

Historical View - What Literary Work

• expressed his views on the Spanish colonization in the Philippines and predicted with accuracy the tragic end of Spain’s sovereignty in Asia
• portrayed the glorious past of the Filipinos and described their economic stagnation under Spanish rule
• warned Spain of what would happen to her colonial empire in Asia if she would not adopt a more liberal and enlightened policy toward the Philippines

Answer 5

The Philippines Within a Century

Question 6

What were Rizal’s Economic Ideas?

Answer 6

• Took active part in business in Dapitan
• Aside from fishing industry, engaged in buying and selling copra and hemp
• imported modern-stripping machine from Manila, thereby increasing Dapitan’s production of hemp fibers
• lamented that the business and commerce in his native land were in the hands of foreigners. He stated that “Everybody engages in business in our country except ourselves.”
• organized the Cooperative Association of Dapitan Farmers to break the Chinese monopoly

Question 7

What Type of Idea

• frowned on immorality and always advocated a high standard of living
• tells the Filipinos to strive for education, raise the level of morality and culture, to learn self-dependence, to think for themselves, and
  to become more united
• believed that change should come from within as a result of understanding, and not from without as a result of coercion
• worked for the union of all Filipinos and for reforms (La Liga Filipina)

Answer 7

Social Ideas

Question 8

Social Ideas of Rizal

Answer 8

• sought to adapt the best things he found abroad to the conditions of his country
• had the background and judgment to weigh and consider authoratively his country’s intellectual and social development
• felt that there was such a thing as universality of culture and that the Philippines should preserve the best of what they already possessed
• wished to see his countrymen enjoy all the fruits of happy domestic existence and to know the fullest enjoyment of the nobler emotions engendered therein
• believed in education and industry
• believed in education as an important aspect of social relations