Lesson 13 vo-cab

Question 1

headache; pain in the head

Answer 1

cephalgia (cephalodynia)

Question 2

syndrome characterized by abrupt onset severely sharp headache usually only on one side of the head

Answer 2

migraine headache

Question 3

herniation of brain substance from a congenital gap in the skull

Answer 3

encephalocele

Question 4

abnormally increased amount of CSF in the brain

Answer 4

hydrocephalus

Question 5

protrusion of the membrane of the brain or spinal cord through a fault in the skull or spinal canal

Answer 5

meningocele

Question 6

inflammation of the meningies of the brain or spinal cord

Answer 6

meningitis

Question 7

a group of degenerative changes in brain structure leading to progressive memory loss, impaired cognition, and personality changes

Answer 7

alzheimer’s disease (AD)

Question 8

condition marked by lack of muscle control and partial paralysis caused by a brain defect/lesion present at birth or shortly after

Answer 8

cerebral palsy

Question 9

term describing the mental behaviors related to memory, thinking, and learning

Answer 9

cognition

Question 10

inflammation of the brain

Answer 10

encephalitis

Question 11

degenerative, slowly progressive CNS disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, mask-like facial expression, and shuffling gait

Answer 11

parkinson’s disease (PD)

Question 12

lockjaw; acute and potentially fatal bacterial infection of the CNS, preventable through immunization

Answer 12

tetanus

Question 13

disturbance of memory marked by partial or total inability to recall past experiences, injury, illness, or psychological disturbance can produce it

Answer 13

amnesia

Question 14

abnormal growth of tissue within the brain that may be benign or malignant, tumors cause damage by either pressure or invasion of tissue

Answer 14

brain tumor

Question 15

violent shaking or jarring of the brain

Answer 15

concussion

Question 16

bruising of brain tissue related to head injury

Answer 16

cerebral contusion

Question 17

pooling of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain

Answer 17

cranial hematoma

Question 18

alert, aware, and responding appropriately

Answer 18

conscious

Question 19

to faint; brief loss of consciousness

Answer 19

syncope

Question 20

lowered level of consciousness characterized by listlessness, sleepiness, or apathy

Answer 20

lethargy

Question 21

a state of impaired consciousness marked by the inability to respond to environmental stimuli

Answer 21

stupor

Question 22

a deep state of unconsciousness characterized by no response to painful stimuli, no spontaneous eye movements, and no vocalization

Answer 22

coma

Question 23

sudden onset of confusion and disorientation often associated with high fever, it is potentially reversible

Answer 23

delirium

Question 24

slowly progressive decline in mental acuity including thinking, judgement, and memory, it is not reversible

Answer 24

dementia

Question 25

damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted

Answer 25

cerebrovascular accident (stroke or CVA)

Question 26

temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain

Answer 26

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Question 27

most common type of stroke; the carotid artery is narrowed and blood flow to the brain is blocked

Answer 27

ischemic stroke

Question 28

a clot blocks the artery causing a disruption of blood flow

Answer 28

cerebral thrombosis

Question 29

the loss of ability to speak, write, or understand the written or spoken word

Answer 29

aphasia

Question 30

bleed in the brain produced when a blood vessel leaks or ruptures, it is a less common but more deadly type of stroke

Answer 30

hemorrhagic stroke

Question 31

progressive muscle atrophy caused by hardening of nerve tissue on the lateral columns of the spinal cord.

Answer 31

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS OR Lou Gehrig’s disease)

Question 32

paralysis (usually temporary) of the facial nerve that causes drooping on one side of the face

Answer 32

bell’s palsy

Question 33

a presumed autoimmune reaction marked by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis

Answer 33

Guillain-Barre syndrome (BSS or acute ascending polyneuritis)

Question 34

peripheral nerve damage causes a painful nerve condition of the hands and feet, common contributing conditions are diabetes, alcoholism, autoimmune disease, and exposure to toxic substances

Answer 34

peripheral neuropathy

Question 35

an outbreak of the varicella virus herpes zoster causing pain and blistering of the skin along the course of the affected nerve

Answer 35

shingles

Question 36

inflammation of the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve) characterized by sudden, intense pain on one side of the face

Answer 36

trigminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

Question 37

inflammation of the sciatic nerve resulting in pain along the course of the nerve through the thigh and leg

Answer 37

sciatica

Question 38

burning pain along a nerve

Answer 38

causalgia

Question 39

pain along a nerve

Answer 39

neuralgia

Question 40

condition of excessive sensitivity to stimuli

Answer 40

hyperesthesia

Question 41

abnormal sensation like burning, tingling, or numbness for no obvious reason

Answer 41

paresthesia

Question 42

slight paralysis of half of the body; right or left side

Answer 42

hemiparesis

Question 43

paralysis of half of the body

Answer 43

hemiplegia

Question 44

slight paralysis of one limb

Answer 44

monoparesis

Question 45

paralysis of one limb

Answer 45

monoplegia

Question 46

total paralysis

Answer 46

panplegia

Question 47

paralysis of four limbs; aka tetraplegia

Answer 47

quadriplegia

Question 48

state of continuous muscle contraction that results in rigidity and violent spasms

Answer 48

tonic convulsion

Question 49

alternating relaxation and contraction of muscles resulting in jerking movements of the body

Answer 49

clonic convulsion

Question 50

specific motor, sensory, or psychomotor phenomena without loss of consciousness

Answer 50

localized seizure (partial seizure)

Question 51

a group of disorders in which the main symptom is recurrent seizures

Answer 51

epilepsy

Question 52

loss of consciousness and tonic convulsions followed by clonic convulsions

Answer 52

generalized tonic-clonic seizure

Question 53

characterized by generalized tonic-clonic seizures

Answer 53

grand mal epilepsy

Question 54

sudden, temporary loss of consciousness lasting only a few seconds, they do not involve convulsive movements and may not noticed

Answer 54

petit mal epilepsy (absence epilepsy)

Question 55

a particular sensation experienced just before a seizure that may indicate impending seizure activity

Answer 55

epileptic aura

Question 56

the use of a thin, fan-shaped x-ray beam that rotates around the patient to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body

Answer 56

computed tomography (CAT scan or CT scan)

Question 57

the use of a combination of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create signals that are converted into images

Answer 57

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 58

process of recording electrical brain wave activity producing a readable image on a screen

Answer 58

electroencephalography (EEG)

Question 59

radiographic study representing the intracranial fluid-containing spaces of the brain

Answer 59

encephalography

Question 60

radiographic study of the spinal cord after injection of contrast medium

Answer 60

myelography

Question 61

surgical removal of a portion of the brain to treat tumors or seizure disorders

Answer 61

lobectomy

Question 62

surgical incision into the thalamus

Answer 62

thalamotomy

Question 63

surgical removal of a nerve

Answer 63

neurectomy

Question 64

surgical repair of a nerve or nerves

Answer 64

neuroplasty

Question 65

surgical dissection or incision of a nerve

Answer 65

neurotomy