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2.2 ZOOLOGY LAB > Lesson 13: Porifera > Flashcards

Lesson 13: Porifera Flashcards

1
Q

the phylum… or sponge is the most primitive multicellular cell

A

porifera

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2
Q

phylum porifera has a… body with numerous cavities

A

porous

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3
Q

phylum porifera lacks… (2)

A

tissues and organs

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4
Q

instead of tissues and organs, the phylum porifera is supported by a… called the… which is flexible and adaptable

A

loose aggregation of cells with a proteinaceus skeleton, mesophyl

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5
Q

phylum porifera are… -feeders

A

filter

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6
Q

phylum porifera reproduce through… (2), specifically… (3)

A

asexual : budding and binary fission
sexual : external fertilization

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7
Q

phylum porifera are… meaning have both male and female body parts

A

dioecious

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8
Q

phylum porifera can be found in..(2) and inhabit surfaces of… (3)

A
  • marine and freshwater
  • rocks, coral, and sand
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9
Q

the ecological roles of phylum porifera are… (2)

A

acting as a habitat and contribute in nutrient cycling

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10
Q

phylum porifera have biomedical importance as they produce bioactive compounds for: (3)

A
  • antibiotics
  • anti-inflammatory
  • anti-cancer
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11
Q

phylum porifera have a… relationship with organisms like (3) by (3)

A
  • bacteria, fungi, and algae
  • provide nutrients, enhance defence, and help compete for resources
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12
Q

phylum porifera are… meaning they do not move

A

sessile

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13
Q

phylum porifera are named “porifera” meaning…

A

pore bearing

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14
Q

phylum porifera have… for stimulus response

A

neuroid cells

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15
Q

phylum porifera bodies are…

A

asymmetrical

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16
Q

phylum porifera possesses…, the ability to respond to light and water flow, meaning light…

A

morphological plasticity, passes through

17
Q

phylum porifera have specialized cells with pores, … is the organ that opens and closes said pores

A

porocytes

18
Q

phylum porifera have… also called… that lines the internal chamber of the sponge and controls the water current into the sponge

A

choanocytes, colar cells

19
Q

phylum porifera have a gelatenous matrix between the inner and outer layers of the sponge called…, they contain a variety of cells including… cells that participate in digestion, nutrient distribution and reproduction. they contain… for elasticity

A

mesophyl, amoeboid cells/amoabocytes, collagen

20
Q

phylum porifera have… which are needle-like structures made of… (3) for structural support and protection

A

spicules
calcium carbonate, silica, or spongin

21
Q

phylum porifera have… that contains… and acts as a reservoir for water filtration

A

spongocoel, choanocytes

22
Q

phylum porifera have a large opening for expelling waste and water called… , it also contributes to the porifera’s homeostasis

A

osculum

23
Q

phylum porifera have… made of flat cells. it is the outermost layer, called the… and doesn’t let water out after entering the ostia

A

pinacocytes, pinacoderm

24
Q

phylum porifera have… which are amoeba-like cells that aid in digestion, distribution of nutrients, skeletal elements, and reproduction. they are found in the mesophyl

A

amoebocytes

25
Q

phylum porifera have… composed of… which are undifferentiated cells that regenerate to new sponges. it is surrounded by a tough layer called the… membrane and is formed under environmental stress

A

gemmules, aracheocytes, scleroprotein

26
Q

types of phylum porifera canal systems (3)

A
  • asconoid
  • syconoid
  • leuconoid
27
Q

explain the asconoid cavity

A
  • simplest
  • single central cavity
  • seen in small, tube-shaped sponges
28
Q

explain the syconoid cavity

A
  • intermediate complexity
  • instead of ostia, there is a prosopyle
29
Q

explain the leuconoid canal

A
  • most complex
  • found in large sponge
30
Q

asconoid water tract

A

ostia > spongocoel > ostium

31
Q

syconoid water tract

A

dermal ostia > incurrent canal > prosopyle > radial canal > apopyle > spongocoel > osculum

32
Q

leuconoid water tract

A

demal ostia > incurrent canal > prosopyle > flagellated chamber > apopyles > canals > osculum

33
Q

phylum porifera have 3 classes

A
  • calcispongiae
  • hyalospongiae
  • demospongiae
34
Q

define the phylum porifera class calciospongae

A
  • also called the calcera
  • found in both marine and freshwater in shallow waters
  • have small number of canals
35
Q

define the phylum porifera class hippospongia

A
  • also called the hexactinellida
  • have silica specules meaning they have morphological plasticity and look like glass
  • found in deep and cold marine
36
Q

define the phylum porifera class demosponge

A
  • also called the spongilla/ciliona
  • most diverse
  • made of spongin fibers + silica specules
  • have a symbiotic relationship with fungi and algae
37
Q

4 importance of phylum porifera

A
  • home for marine life
  • boosts biodiversity
  • cleans water
  • recycles nutrients

2.2 ZOOLOGY LAB (4 decks)

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