Lesson 13: Harvesting and Handling of Fruit Crops

Question 1

It is refers to
the process of gathering ripe fruits from
the plants for consumption, sale, or
further processing

Answer 1

Harvesting

Question 2

Refers to the
various activities and processes involved
in managing harvested fruits from the point of harvest until they reach consumers or processing
facilities

Answer 2

Handling

Question 3

refers to specific criteria or indicators used to determine the maturity of a fruit crop. These indices help growers identify the optimal time to harvest fruits for the best quality,

Answer 3

Maturing indices

Question 4

A measure of the
sugar content in fruit juices

Answer 4

Brix

Question 5

Latex flow rate

Answer 5

The rate at which latex flows from the rubber tree increases as the tree matures

Question 6

Refer to the
techniques and processes used to
gather mature crops from agricultural
fields or plantations.

Answer 6

Harvesting Methods

Question 7

Types of Harvesting

Answer 7

-Manual Harvesting
-Mechanical Harvesting
-Chemical Harvesting
-Combination Methods

Question 8

This involves manually picking fruits, leaves, or other parts of the plant by hand.

Answer 8

Handpicking

Question 9

Involves selectively removing parts of the plant, such as branches or shoots,
to improve plant health, yield, and quality. Pruning is commonly practiced in tree crops like grapes, apples, and olives.

Answer 9

Pruning

Question 10

In some cases, such as harvesting leaves for tea or tobacco, workers strip the
leaves from the plants manually.

Answer 10

Stripping

Question 11

Types of Manual Harvesting

Answer 11

-Handpicking
-Pruning
-Stripping

Question 12

Used to dislodge fruits or nuts from trees. This method is commonly used for crops like
almonds, walnuts, and olives

Answer 12

Shaking or Vibrating

Question 13

Specialized harvesting
machines are used for crops like sugarcane, coffee, and oil palm

Answer 13

Harvesting Machines

Question 14

For grain
crops like rice, wheat, and maize, combine harvesters are used to cut, thresh, and clean the grain in a single operation.

Answer 14

Combine Harvesters

Question 15

Types of Mechanical Harvesting

Answer 15

-Shaking or Vibrating
-Harvesting Machines
-Combine Harvesters

Question 16

In some cases, chemical desiccants are applied to crops to accelerate theirripening or drying process, making them easier to harvest. This method is commonly used for crops like cotton and potatoes

Answer 16

Desiccation

Question 17

Chemical defoliants are sometimes used to remove foliage from crops before
harvesting. This can facilitate mechanical harvesting and improve crop quality.

Answer 17

Defoliation

Question 18

Types of Chemical Harvesting

Answer 18

Desiccations and Defoliation

Question 19

Some plantations use a combination of manual and mechanical methods for harvesting. For example, in oil palm plantations, manual labor is
often used for tasks like fruit collection and pruning, while mechanical harvesters are used
for felling and bunch collection.

Answer 19

Integrated Harvesting Systems

Question 20

Proper Handling of Plantation Crops

Answer 20

-Sorting
-Cleaning
- Grading
- Packaging
-Storage
-Transportation
-Marketing

Question 21

Involves the separation of fruits based on factors such as size, color,
ripeness, and quality. This step helps ensure
consistency in the product and facilitates
efficient packaging and marketing.

Answer 21

Sorting

Question 22

Cleaning entails the removal of dirt,
debris, and any contaminants from the surfaceof the fruits. It may involve washing with water, brushing, or other methods to maintain
cleanliness and hygiene.

Answer 22

Cleaning

Question 23

The process of
categorizing fruits into different quality grades
based on predefined standards. Grading criteria
may include factors such as size, shape, color,
texture, and freedom from defects.

Answer 23

Grading

Question 24

Involves the selection
and placement of fruits into containers or
packaging materials suitable for storage,
transportation, and display. Proper packaging
helps protect the fruits from physical damage,
moisture loss, and microbial spoilage.

Answer 24

Packaging

Question 25

Refers to the temporary holding of harvested fruits under controlled
conditions to maintain freshness and extend shelf life. Factors such as temperature, humidity,
and air circulation are carefully regulated to minimize deterioration and preserve qualit

Answer 25

Storage

Question 26

Involves the
movement of fruits from farms or packing facilities to
distribution centers, markets, or processing plants.
Specialized vehicles and equipment may be used to ensure safe and timely delivery while minimizing
damage and losses.

Answer 26

Transportation

Question 27

Encompasses the
promotion and sale of fruit crops to consumers
through various channels such as wholesale
markets, supermarkets, farmers’ markets, and direct sales. Effective marketing strategies help
create demand, increase sales, and maximize returns for growers

Answer 27

Marketing