Lesson 1.2 - Stellar Evolution And The Formation Of Heavier Elements

Question 1

What is the process by which a star changes over the course of time.

Answer 1

Stellar Evolution

Question 2

The Stellar Evolution

Question 3

Stellar Evolution

Answer 3

Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over the course of time.

Question 4

Stars formed when gravity acted on the particles expanding with the universe, as proposed by the star formation theory.

Answer 4

star formation theory

Question 5

___ typically form from dense molecular regions in space.

Answer 5

Stellar Nurseries

Question 6

formed when these regions collapse under gravitational forces.

Answer 6

Protostars

Question 7

___ associated with both ___ and ___ things mostly originated from ___

Answer 7

1. Elements
2. Living
3. Nonliving
4. Stars

Question 8

Processes that occurred inside stars were responsible for the formation of these elements

Answer 8

Stellar Nucleosynthesis

Question 9

Elements heavier than ___ were formed through ___ ___

Answer 9

1. beryllium
2. Stellar Nucleosynthesis

Question 10

Very high amounts of energy were released in the form of __, __ and ___.

Answer 10

Light
Heat
Radiation

Question 11

Stellar evolution

Answer 11

refers to the process in which a star changes through its lifetime.

Question 12

The ____ of elements a star contains change as it evolves.

Answer 12

Abundances

Question 13

The course of evolution is determined by its __.

Answer 13

Mass

Question 14

All stars are formed from stellar nurseries called ____.

Answer 14

Nebulae

Question 15

A ____ breaks into smaller fragments as it further collapses before contracting into a protostar, or a very hot stellar core that continues to gather gas and dust as it contracts and increases in temperature.

Answer 15

Nebula

Question 16

___ evolve into main sequence stars upon reaching ___ ____.

Answer 16

Protostars
gravitational equilibrium.

Question 17

Nuclear reactions form subatomic particles called ___ and ___.

Answer 17

neutrinos
positrons

Question 18

An increase in pressure brought about by positrons and neutrinos halt the contraction of the ___.

Answer 18

Protostar

Question 19

The plural form of nebula is___ or ___.

Answer 19

nebulae
nebulas

Question 20

positron

Answer 20

isthe antiparticle of an electron.

Question 21

The __ is believed to be in the middle of the main sequence phase of stellar evolution.

Answer 21

Sun

Question 22

It will remain as such for at least five billion years.

Answer 22

Sun

Question 23

____ stay on the main sequence phase for at least ____ years due to the slow rate of hydrogen fusion.

Answer 23

Red dwarf stars
100 billion

Question 24

Sun

Answer 24

TheSunis the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a massive, hot ball of plasma, inflated and heated by energy produced by nuclear fusion
The Sun has been called by many names. The Latin word for Sun is “sol,” which is the main adjective for all things Sun-related: solar. Helios, the Sun god in ancient Greek mythology, lends his name to many Sun-related terms as well, such asheliosphere and helioseismology.

Question 25

are only able to fuel deuterium fusion reactions.

Answer 25

Brown dwarf stars

Question 26

___ astronomical object that is intermediate between a planet and a star. ___ usually have a mass less than 0.075 that of the Sun, or roughly 75 times that of Jupiter.

Answer 26

brown dwarf
Brown dwarfs

Question 27

____ evolve into ____ when all hydrogen atoms in their cores get depleted.

Answer 27

Main sequence stars
red giant stars

Question 28

A ___forms after a star has run out of hydrogen fuel for nuclear fusion, and has begun the process of dying.

Answer 28

red giant

Question 29

___ or __ are converted to carbon via the ____.

Answer 29

Helium atoms
alpha particles
alpha fusion processes.

Question 30

Alpha particles (a)

Answer 30

arecomposite particles consisting of two protons and two neutrons tightly bound together.

Question 31

____ turn into ____ when the majority of helium in their cores are consumed.

Answer 31

Low mass stars
white dwarf stars

Question 32

Outer shell expands into space, forming a ____.

Answer 32

planetary nebula

Question 33

A ____ can reach pressure and temperature levels favorable for ___

Answer 33

high mass star
carbon fusion.

Question 34

Massive stars evolve into _____

Answer 34

multiple-shell red giant stars.

Question 35

Fusion of elements in a red giant

Answer 35

Inert hydrogen
Hydrogen fusion
Helium fusion
Inert carbon

Question 36

Elements heavier than iron are formed after a ___.

Answer 36

Supernova

Question 37

supernova.

Answer 37

An exploding multiple-shell red giant is called a

Question 38

Proving Stellar Evolution and Nucleosynthesis

Answer 38

the discovery of interstellar gas and dust in the early 1900s

Question 39

_____ can be detected from different stages of stellar evolution.

Answer 39

Infrared radiation (IR)