LESSON 1.2 - Motor Development as a Lifespan Perspective

Question 1

Lifespan approach to motor development

Answer 1

When we see a photo representing two ages of an age spectrum. They both have different history-graded influence on their development and age periods aren’t equivalent!

• toddler: progressive human development, early childhood cohort, large age cohort in population pyramid, have a lot to learn, less experiences, childhood is a smaller part of your life with a lot of developmental growth
• elderly: regressive human development, late adulthood cohort, small age cohort in population pyramid, elderly have a lot fo compensate for the things they’ve learned throughout the years, regression is a very long and slow process and a large portion of adulthood and life

Question 2

Global Life Expectancy at Birth is expected to..

Answer 2

slowly go up

Question 3

World population by age

Answer 3

Age cohort of the younger generation may slowly decline

Question 4

Population pyramids trend

Answer 4

Pyramids may be slowly shaping into a more pear shape, larger at top, thinner at the bottom

Question 5

Define and discuss development

Answer 5

• refers to the systematic continuities (remaining the same) and age-related changes (patterned, relatively permanent) in the human over the lifespan
• development shouldn’t be associated with just your height growth

Question 6

Progression and Regression in Human Development

Answer 6

• Progression: Changes resulting in gain in capability, moving the system to a more effective state.
• Regression: Changes in a system that result in the loss of capability

Question 7

Continuity views of Development

Answer 7

Development in an additive process that occurs gradually and continuously without sudden changes (a slope)

Question 8

Discontinuity views of Development

Answer 8

Development with a series of abrupt changes , elevating person to new and more advanced level of functioning. (Qualitative change, like stairs)

Question 9

Quantitative Change

Answer 9

a measurable change in quantity or amount (e.g., mass, height)

Question 10

Qualitative Change

Answer 10

orderly change in the integration of physiological and psychological processes - permanent change in form

Question 11

Developmental sequence

Answer 11

representative of qualitative change. it is the collective description of distinct behaviours as they occur across time, with a series of transformations

Question 12

Age periods based on chronological age

Answer 12

Approximate cohorts in which certain behaviours may be observed, very arbitrary, method of communication

Question 13

Conventional terms for lifespan age periods

Answer 13

• Prenatal, childhood (early, middle, late), adolescence, adulthood (early, middle, late)

Question 14

secular trends and implications for optimal health across lifespan
example of secular trend

Answer 14

describe consistent movement/action of a variable over a period of time as it relates to a population

e. g., childhood obesity in canada
- it is observed that over the course of 15 years, children are becoming progressively overweight and obese
- this is due to dietary concerns, physical inactivity, biological change in system due to puberty (girls going through puberty earlier due to obesity)

Question 15

normative age-graded influences

examples

Answer 15

effects on development that occur at approximately the same chronological age in a group of people, biologically-based or societal-based
e.g., drinking age, drivers’ license, age for schools

Question 16

normative historical-graded influences on development

examples

Answer 16

refers to effects on development that are experienced similarly of a cohort at a given time in their life that are associated with historical events and circumstances involving biological or environmental determinants

e. g., world war 2 - impacted by trauma, poor diet, effect on growth, nutrition, psychological effects
e. g., residential schools, great depression, etc.

Question 17

principle of seven generations according to indigenous ways and how this expands the idea of motor development as a lifelong journey

Answer 17

• what happens today will impact the seven generations that follow

Question 18

lifespan perspective in regards to development

Answer 18

Multidimensional
- cognitive domain
- changes in intellect
- affective (psychosocial) domain
- changes in emotional and social development
- physical domain
- changes in structure
- motor domain
- changes in motor performance
- at all periods of life, there’s a joint expression of progression and regression
- e.g., when a child focuses on mastering a musical
instrument, the refinement of other skills are dropped