LESSON 1.2 Flashcards
is the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language
Philosophy
is the study of beauty and taste, concerned with the nature of art and used as a basis for interpreting and evaluating individual works of art.
Art or Aesthetics
is the study of the nature of art, including concepts such as interpretation, representation and expression, and form. It is closely related to aesthetics, the philosophical study of beauty and taste.
Philosophy of art
The artistic Philosophers
Plato (428 – 347 BC)
Aristotle ( 384 – 322 BC)
Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804)
believed that “ though arts can be used to train citizens to have an ideal society, using arts to accomplish this should be strictly controlled”. He also explained that the physical world is a copy of a perfect, rational,
eternal and changeless original which he called FORMS.
Plato
He also explained that the physical world is a copy of a perfect, rational,
eternal and changeless original which he called _____
FORMS
Plato’s Ideas of the Arts may be summed up by the truths according to him that:
Art is imitation
- Art is dangerous
For him, the universal elements of beauty are manifested by order, symmetry and definiteness- stated that physical manifestation of beauty is affected by SIZE. He considered art as imitation or a
representation of nature and his emphasis of the art is on POETRY which for him is more philosophical than Philosophy itself.
Aristotle
Aristotle saying
- Things and events which have been or still are;
- Things which are said to be seen and are probable and
- Things which essentially are.
His main interest was not on art but on BEAUTY that it is a matter of TASTE. He explained that
TASTE can be both SUBJECTIVE and UNIVERSAL. For he, beauty is a question of form and
color is NOT IMPORTANT.
Immanuel Kant
The Kinds of Aesthetic Responses according to Kant are:
- Beauty results in pleasure if there is order, harmony and symmetry; and
- Beauty leads to a response of awe that overwhelms the viewers of the
- a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.
Artist
- (from French: artisan, Italian: artigiano) is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates things by hand that may be functional or strictly decorative, for example furniture, decorative arts, sculptures,
clothing, jewelry, food items, household items and tools or even mechanisms such as the handmade clockwork movement of a watchmaker. They are the dominant producers of consumer products
before the Industrial Revolution.
Artisan
Hand processing in what usually viewed as an industrial process, such as in the phrase artisanal mining; marketing and advertising.
Artisanal (adj)
- Creator of arts which are for enjoyment and appreciation of viewer
- Performs creative arts
- Creates something whose only value is aesthetic
- Makes output to express the beauty of art itself
- The object has no functional value
- Performers (singers, dancers, theater actors and actresses, etc.)
Artist
Similarities of artists and artisans
- Creative
- Artistic
- Makes output out of experience and imagination
- Makers of crafts
- Practical
- Creates something functional
- Skilled workers
- His/Her product has functional value
- Makes output with his/her hands (weavers, dyers, potters, carpenter, etc.)
Artisans
The arts refers to the theory, human application and physical expression of creativity found in human cultures and societies through skills and imagination in order to produce objects, environments and
experiences
The Art Forms
Major Constituents of arts
Visual arts, Literature, and Performing Arts, Culinary Arts, Combined Arts forms.
is an art form that reflects how we present ourselves across the earth’s landscape, and,
like other expressive mediums, it changes with styles, technologies, and cultural adaptations; most
functional of all the art forms.
Ex. Malacañang Palace and Burj Khalifa
Architecture
an artistic form in which hard or plastic materials are worked into three-dimensional art objects. The designs may be embodied in freestanding objects. in reliefs on surfaces, or in environments ranging from tableaux to contexts that envelop the spectator.
Sculpture
is the application of pigments to a support surface that establishes an image, design or
decoration. In art the term “painting” describes both the act and the result. Painting media are extremely versatile because they can be applied to many different surfaces (called supports) including paper, wood, canvas, plaster, clay, lacquer and concrete.
Painting
is the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement
itself.
Ex. Tinikiling, Modern Hiphop
Dance
an art form, and cultural activity, whose medium is sound.
Music
a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, typically actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. - also named by the word “theatre” as derived from the Ancient Greek théatron, “a place for viewing”,
itself from theáomai, “to see”, “to watch”, “to observe”.
Ex. Moro-more, Midsummer Nights
Theatre
is any body or collection of written work. More restrictively, literature refers to writing
considered to be an art form or any single writing deemed to have artistic or intellectual value, and sometimes deploys language in ways that differ from ordinary usage.
- Form such as poetry, novel, short story, essay, epic, and legends among others. Can be oral or written, sometimes meant to be performed before an audience.
Literature
