Lesson 10: Limestone

Question 1

what are the 3 common minerals found in limestone

Answer 1

Calcite
Dolomite
Aragonite
(theres also high Mg calcite)

Question 2

conditions for ion substitution

Answer 2

similar charges
similar atomic radii

Question 3

formula for red limestone staining

Answer 3

calcite + diluted HCl + Alizarin Red (sodium salt in Alizarin Sulfonic Acid)

Question 4

formula for black limestone staining

Answer 4

Aragonite + Feigl’s solution

Question 5

formula for yellow limestone staining

Answer 5

dolomite/Mg-calcite + titan yellow

Question 6

what are the 3 non-carbonate components of limestone

Answer 6

silicates
evaporite salts and sulfates
metal oxides

Question 7

what could be the reason for non-carbonate components present in limestone

Answer 7

because it is a chemical sed rock + especially if dynamic area, during the time of precipitation there could be minerals that could enter at the same time in the form of silts or sediments

Question 8

examples of how non-carbonates can be added to limestone

Answer 8

in lacustrines/lakes that constantly dry up, evaporite salts and sulfates can be added

in areas where there are metals in the transport system, metal oxides can mix in with the carbonates

Question 9

carbonate aggregate/make up of carbonate rocks

Answer 9

allochem

Question 10

types of allochems

Answer 10

peloids
coated grains (cortoids, oncoids, ooids, pisoids)
grain aggregates
clasts
skeletal grains