Lesson 10 (leading questions)

Question 1

Response bias explanation

Answer 1

Argues that leading questions don’t affect memory but affect the answer they choose to give

Question 2

substitution bias explanation

Answer 2

argues that leading questions distort memory because of misleading info

Question 3

What was the procedure for leading questions?

Answer 3

Loftus + Palmers experiment of 45 American students shown a video of a car crash and they were asked to estimate the speed - different conditions used different verbs in the question such as ‘contacted’, ‘hit’, and ‘smashed’

Question 4

What were the findings of Loftus + Palmers experiment ?

Answer 4

Participants in the ‘contacted’ condition estimated 31mph whereas the ones in the ‘smashed’ condition estimated 41mph

Question 5

What happened a week after Loftus + Palmers experiment?

Answer 5

Participants were asked if they saw broken glass in the video (there was none) and in the ‘smashed’ condition 32% said yes compared to the 12% in the ‘contacted’ condition

Question 6

What is a strength to the leading questions procedure?

Answer 6

It was conducted in a lab = highly controlled + easy to replicate to see if the same results are found = more reliable

Question 7

What are the limitations to the leading questions procedure?

Answer 7

• low ecological validity = participants were only showed a video of a car crash - real life witnesses may have a more emotional connection with the event might not be as susceptible to leadings questions
• lacks population validity - the sample was 45 american students which is age and cultural bias so findings can’t be generalised