Lesson 1 - What is Food Science

Question 1

Food Science

Answer 1

• application of basic principles of science and engineering to acquire new knowledge on physical, chemical and biochemical aspects of food
• chemical, microbial physical, and sensory properties of foods and their ingredients during processing and storage

Question 2

Food Technology

Answer 2

• information gathered by food science and applies technologies to ensure quality and safety of food

Question 3

Nutrition

Answer 3

effects of food

Question 4

Canning

Answer 4

• Nicholas Appert
• heat processing results in longer shelf life

Question 5

Clarence Birdseye

Answer 5

• rapid freezing at extremely low temperatures preserved quality of fish

Question 6

Canadian Food System

Answer 6

• 3 meals/day = 1095 meals/year
• total annual value of product shipment = $123 billion

Question 7

Food Expenditure

Answer 7

• meal/animal products have highest expenditure

Question 8

Food Consumption

Answer 8

• vegetables have highest consumption

Question 9

Controlled Atmosphere (CA) storage

Answer 9

• Slow down respiration rate & ripening process (v senescence going down)
• Extending storage life (for months)
• Exact conditions depend on the type of fruit & variety (eg. variety of apple)

Question 10

Example of CA- storage:

Answer 10

McIntosh apples: optimal storage
1. Temperature (T) (~3 C)
2. Relative humidity (RH) (87%)
3. Atmosphere (gases):
2.5% O2 2.5% CO2 95% N2
After 6 weeks:
2.5% O2 4.5% CO2 93% N2
- Up to 8 months in CA, vs 5 months in the air at optimum T and RH

Question 11

In Controlled Atmosphere Storage: The preservation is caused by…

Answer 11

Decreasing temperature, O2, Increasing CO2, N2 has nothing to do with preservation, we have to change it because it’s an inert gas and it’s a filler gas

Question 12

Processing of Apples into: Juice

Answer 12

• Usually pasteurized or
• Commercially sterilized (in tetrapak boxes)
• Starting material for production of cider (by yeast)
• and/or apple vinegar (by bacteria)

Question 13

Processing Apples into: Apple sauce, pie fillings, dehydrated apple

Answer 13

• slices, fruit leather
• ingredient for confectionary products,
• breakfast cereals, etc

Question 14

Trends in Food Consumption

Answer 14

Top trends to 2020 (Canada)
Aging Canadians
Food for health
New face of Canada
Veggie Movement
Small Indulgences
Changing Meal Patterns
Evolving society
Convenience
Educated consumers
Shifting expenditures

Question 15

Top Trends for 2023

Answer 15

Resizing the restaurant/retail gap
Morphing meal patterns
Sustainable superstars
Everyday self-care
Gourmet Convenience
Wraps and rolls
Urgent care
Technical difficulty
event makers
The parent trap