Lesson 1: Value

Question 1

The good things that we should do and the bad things that we should avoid; the right ways in which we could or should act and the wrong ways of acting. It is about what is acceptable and unacceptable in human behavior. It may involve obligations that we are expected to fulfill, prohibitions that we are required to respect, or ideals that we are encouraged to meet.

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

derived from the Greek word “aesthesis” (“sense” or “feeling”) and refers to the judgements of personal approval or disapproval that we make about what we see, hear, smell, or taste.

Answer 2

Aesthetics

Question 3

certain approval or disapproval of actions which can be relatively more trivial in nature. It is concerned with right and wrong actions, but those considered not quite grave enough to belong to the discussion on ethics.

Answer 3

Etiquette

Question 4

derive from the Greek word “techne” the English words techniques and technical which are often used to refer to a proper way (or right way) of doing things but may not necessarily be an ethical.

Answer 4

Technical Valuation

Question 5

used to refer specific beliefs or attitudes that people have or to describe acts that people perform.

Answer 5

Morals

Question 6

the discipline of studying and understanding ideal human behavior and ideal ways of thinking

Answer 6

Ethics

Question 7

reports how people, particularly groups, make their moral valuations without making any judgement either for or against these valuations.

Answer 7

Descriptive Ethics

Question 8

often done in philosophy or moral theology, engages questions “What could or should be the right way of acting? In other words, a normative discussion prescribes what we ought to maintain as our standards or bases for moral valuations.

Answer 8

Normative Ethics

Question 9

used to refer to those particular situations that are often the source of considerable ad inclusive debates (thus we would often hear topics such as capital punishment and euthanasia as moral issue)

Answer 9

Moral issue

Question 10

when one is faced in a situation and confronted by the choice of what act to perform.

Answer 10

Moral Decision

Question 11

when one is an observer who makes an assessment on the actions or behavior.

Answer 11

Moral Judgment

Question 12

Going beyond the matter of choosing right over wrong, or good over bad, and considering instead the more complicated situation wherein one is torn between choosing one of two goods or choosing between the lesser of two evils; When an individual can choose only one from a number of possible actions and there are compelling ethical reasons for the various choices.

Answer 12

Moral Dilemma

Question 13

Rationally established grounds by which one justifies and maintains her moral decisions and judgement.

Answer 13

Principle

Question 14

A systematic attempt to establish the validity of maintaining certain moral principles. It is a structure which can evaluate our reasons for valuing a certain decision or judgement. This can make us reflect on the principles that we maintain and thus, the decisions and judgments we make. By studying these, we can reconsider, clarify, modify, and ultimately strengthen our principles, thereby informing better both our moral judgments and moral decisions.

Answer 14

Moral Theory/Framework