Lesson 1, Unit 2: Meiosis

Question 1

Fertilization

Answer 1

a sperm donating cells to an egg in order to reproduce

Question 2

Zygote

Answer 2

first cell produced from fertilization

Question 3

Gametes

Answer 3

female and/or make sex cells (sperm and eggs)

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

deoxyribonucleic acids, genetic characteristics

Question 5

Chromatin

Answer 5

partially curled DNA, normal state of DNA when the cell is not dividing either through mitosis or meiosis

Question 6

Chromosome

Answer 6

large bodies composed of one long strand of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones and are supercoiled

Question 7

Chromatid

Answer 7

each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome

Question 8

Genes

Answer 8

lengths of DNA that carry a code for protein structure, these proteins give us our characteristics

Question 9

Allele

Answer 9

there are two copies of each chromosomes, the interatction between those two chromosomes decides which traits you get (dominace)

Question 10

Diploid

Answer 10

a dioloid cell is a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes, each pair is considered to be one set of homologous chromosome

Question 11

Haploid

Answer 11

• a cell that contains one complete set of chromosomes

- gametes are haploid cells that are produced by meiosis

Question 12

Synapsis

Answer 12

a fusion of chromosome pairs at the start of meiosis

Question 13

Tetrad

Answer 13

a group or set of four

Question 14

Spindle

Answer 14

a spindle-shaped structure composed of microtubules, which forms near the cell nucleus during mitosis or meiosis and, as it divides, draws the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell

Question 15

Homologous Chromosomes

Answer 15

a pair of chromosomes having the same gene sequences, each derived from one parent