lesson 1 to lesson 4 Flashcards
it is the simpliest form of matter. cannot be separated.
element
it is a form of matter with unique fixed and definite composition
pure substances
it is a combination of 2 or more different pure substances
mixture
it is a mixture in which the composition is uniform
homogeneous mixture
it is a mixture with a non-uniform composition
heterogeneous mixture
it is a combination of elements
compound
able to be dissolved
soluble
incapable of being dissolved
insoluble
state of matter that can only be formed in very cold temperatures
bose-einstein condensate
is the process by which we can change from one state of matter into another
phase change
no definite shape, no definite volume, low density, highly compressible
gas
no definite shape, definite volume, mid to high density, slightly compressible
liquid
definite shape, definite volume, high density, slightly compressible
solid
this state of matter is an ionized gas
plasma
gas to solid
deposition
solid to gas
sublimation
gas to liquid
condensation
liquid to gas
evaporation
solid to liquid
melting
liquid to solid
freezing
group of atoms
molecules
anything that occupies space and has mass and volume
matter
starts with an H
acids
ends with OH
base
smallest unit of matter
atom
atoms have the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons
isotopes
a chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms
dalton’s atomic theory
atoms of an element are identical, having the same properties such as mass, size, and chemical properties.
dalton’s atomic theory
elements are composed of small particles called atom
dalton’s atomic theory
john dalton
1766-1844
matter can neither be created nor destroyed in chemical reactions
law of conservation of mass
states that different samples of the same compound will always contain the compound’s constituent elements in the same proportion by mass
law of definite composition
states that if the two elements can form more than one compound, the ratio of the masses of one of the elements are in fixed ratios of whole numbers
the law of multiple proportions
effective method to separate mixtures comprised of two or more pure liquids
distillation
it is a technique used to separate out homogeneous mixtures where there is one or more dissolved solid
evaporation
it is a separation method used to separate out pure substances in mixtures comprised of particles some in which are large enough in size to be captured in a porous material
filtration
some substances are attracted to magnet field and can be pulled from a mixture
magnetism
separation by solubility. a solution can be cooled to the point where the solute begin to form crystals and separate from the mixture
crystallization
it is a technique used to separate out homogeneous mixtures where there is one or more dissolved solids
evaporation
separation of liquids by density and solubility
extraction
to arrange into group base on ways that they are alike
classifying
two liquids that cannot be combined
immiscible
means to remove dirt or debris from a surface and sometimes involves scrubbing or friction in order to remove the debris
cleaning
reduces the amount of bacteria on a surface , but does not kill or destroy bacteria
sanitizing
kills or inactive both the bacteria and viruses identified on the product’s label on the surface
disinfecting
three isotopes of hydrogen
protium, deuterium, tritium
separation of mixture by passing it in solution or suspension through a medium in which the components move at different rates
chromatography
it is a scientific method that can accurately determine the age of organic materials as old as approximately 60,000 years
carbon dating
carbon dating of organisms and substances (archeology), research to determine steps in involved in plant photosynthesis
carbon-14
used in research involving biology and genetics
phosphorus-32, phosphorus-33
protein studies in life science
selenium-75
metabolism and bone formation studies
strontium-85
used to study life science and drug metabolism
hydrogen
-3 or tritium
it is the amount of matter an object contains. solid.
mass
it is how much space it takes up. liquid.
volume
neutrons of carbon-14
8
14 (atomic mass) - 6 (atomic number of carbon)
elements are composed of small particles called atoms
dalton’s atomic theory
characteristics that can be observed and measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance
physical property
refers to the ability of a substance to undergo changes to transform into a different substance
chemical property
