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general chemistry > lesson 1 to lesson 4 > Flashcards

lesson 1 to lesson 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

it is the simpliest form of matter. cannot be separated.

A

element

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2
Q

it is a form of matter with unique fixed and definite composition

A

pure substances

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3
Q

it is a combination of 2 or more different pure substances

A

mixture

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4
Q

it is a mixture in which the composition is uniform

A

homogeneous mixture

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5
Q

it is a mixture with a non-uniform composition

A

heterogeneous mixture

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6
Q

it is a combination of elements

A

compound

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7
Q

able to be dissolved

A

soluble

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8
Q

incapable of being dissolved

A

insoluble

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9
Q

state of matter that can only be formed in very cold temperatures

A

bose-einstein condensate

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10
Q

is the process by which we can change from one state of matter into another

A

phase change

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11
Q

no definite shape, no definite volume, low density, highly compressible

A

gas

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12
Q

no definite shape, definite volume, mid to high density, slightly compressible

A

liquid

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13
Q

definite shape, definite volume, high density, slightly compressible

A

solid

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14
Q

this state of matter is an ionized gas

A

plasma

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15
Q

gas to solid

A

deposition

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16
Q

solid to gas

A

sublimation

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17
Q

gas to liquid

A

condensation

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18
Q

liquid to gas

A

evaporation

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19
Q

solid to liquid

A

melting

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20
Q

liquid to solid

A

freezing

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21
Q

group of atoms

A

molecules

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22
Q

anything that occupies space and has mass and volume

A

matter

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23
Q

starts with an H

A

acids

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24
Q

ends with OH

A

base

25
Q

smallest unit of matter

A

atom

26
Q

atoms have the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons

A

isotopes

27
Q

a chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms

A

dalton’s atomic theory

28
Q

atoms of an element are identical, having the same properties such as mass, size, and chemical properties.

A

dalton’s atomic theory

29
Q

elements are composed of small particles called atom

A

dalton’s atomic theory

30
Q

john dalton

A

1766-1844

31
Q

matter can neither be created nor destroyed in chemical reactions

A

law of conservation of mass

32
Q

states that different samples of the same compound will always contain the compound’s constituent elements in the same proportion by mass

A

law of definite composition

33
Q

states that if the two elements can form more than one compound, the ratio of the masses of one of the elements are in fixed ratios of whole numbers

A

the law of multiple proportions

34
Q

effective method to separate mixtures comprised of two or more pure liquids

A

distillation

35
Q

it is a technique used to separate out homogeneous mixtures where there is one or more dissolved solid

A

evaporation

36
Q

it is a separation method used to separate out pure substances in mixtures comprised of particles some in which are large enough in size to be captured in a porous material

A

filtration

37
Q

some substances are attracted to magnet field and can be pulled from a mixture

A

magnetism

38
Q

separation by solubility. a solution can be cooled to the point where the solute begin to form crystals and separate from the mixture

A

crystallization

39
Q

it is a technique used to separate out homogeneous mixtures where there is one or more dissolved solids

A

evaporation

40
Q

separation of liquids by density and solubility

A

extraction

41
Q

to arrange into group base on ways that they are alike

A

classifying

42
Q

two liquids that cannot be combined

A

immiscible

43
Q

means to remove dirt or debris from a surface and sometimes involves scrubbing or friction in order to remove the debris

A

cleaning

44
Q

reduces the amount of bacteria on a surface , but does not kill or destroy bacteria

A

sanitizing

45
Q

kills or inactive both the bacteria and viruses identified on the product’s label on the surface

A

disinfecting

46
Q

three isotopes of hydrogen

A

protium, deuterium, tritium

47
Q

separation of mixture by passing it in solution or suspension through a medium in which the components move at different rates

A

chromatography

48
Q

it is a scientific method that can accurately determine the age of organic materials as old as approximately 60,000 years

A

carbon dating

49
Q

carbon dating of organisms and substances (archeology), research to determine steps in involved in plant photosynthesis

A

carbon-14

50
Q

used in research involving biology and genetics

A

phosphorus-32, phosphorus-33

51
Q

protein studies in life science

A

selenium-75

52
Q

metabolism and bone formation studies

A

strontium-85

53
Q

used to study life science and drug metabolism

A

hydrogen
-3 or tritium

54
Q

it is the amount of matter an object contains. solid.

A

mass

55
Q

it is how much space it takes up. liquid.

A

volume

56
Q

neutrons of carbon-14

A

8
14 (atomic mass) - 6 (atomic number of carbon)

57
Q

elements are composed of small particles called atoms

A

dalton’s atomic theory

58
Q

characteristics that can be observed and measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance

A

physical property

59
Q

refers to the ability of a substance to undergo changes to transform into a different substance

A

chemical property

general chemistry (1 decks)

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