Lesson 1: The nervous system Flashcards
What does the nervous system consist of?
Central nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
What does the central nervous system consist of? (CNS)
BRAIN + SPINAL CORD
What are the two main functions of the CNS
1) CONTROL of BEHAVIOUR
2) REGULATION of the body’s PHYSIOLOGICAL processes
How does the CNS regulate physiological processes?
brains receives information from SENSORY RECEPTORS and sends the information to EFFECTORS (muscles, glands)=carry out response
What are the 4 main areas of the brain
(Corbyn Can Dunk Better)
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Brain stem
Describe the cerebrum
-largest part of the brain
-consists of 4 lobes
- is split into two halves-> right hemisphere and left hemisphere
Describe the cerebellum
(sarah loves motor)
-responsible for motor skills
-balance+ co-ordination of muscles to allow precise movements
Describe the dincephalon
-contains the thalamus (which regulates consciousness, sleep + alertness)
-contains the HYPOTHALAMUS (regulates body temp, stress, hunger + thirst response)
Describe the brain stem
regulates breathing + heart rate
What is the main function of the spinal cord
relays information FROM the BRAIN to the rest of the body-> allowing the brain to regulate bodily processes e.g digestion + breathing
How is the spinal cord connected to different parts of the body
via spinal nerves which connect to specific muscles + glands
What happens if the spinal cord is damaged
the muscle and glands connected to the spinal cord via the spinal nerve will stop functioning
What is the peripheral nervous system? (PNS)
the NETWORK of NERVES throughout the rest of the body
What are the two divisions of the PNS
1) Somatic nervous system
2) Autonomic nervous system
What is the function of the PNS
transmits messages via neurons TO and FROM the CNS (brain+ spinal cord)
What does the Somatic nervous System control?
Voluntary movements
Is the somatic nervous system under conscious control or UNconscious control
CONSCIOUS control
What type of muscles does the somatic nervous system control
SKELETAL muscles
What type of pathways does the somatic nervous system have?
SENSORY and MOTOR
What is the SNS controlled by
MOTOR cortex
What type of movement is the AUTONOMIC nervous system responsible for?
INVOLUNTARY movement
What type of control is the Autonomic nervous system under?
UNconscious control
What type of muscle does the ANS control
SMOOTH muscle
What are the pathways involved in the Autonomic nervous system
MOTOR pathways (ONLY)
