Lesson 1 - Southall Flashcards
Political Causes of change?
De-regulation for post-industrial Britain.
Financial Services hub in enterprise zone (Canary Wharf)
Old warehouses converted into luxury apartments
Huge expansion of Heathrow - Hub Airport
Cross rail extended into Heathrow/M4 growth arm
Economic causes of change?
Shift to Post industrial
Closure of gasworks/iron steel, British Leyland Car Manufacturing
Now high tech/ info and finance, digital radio, Heathrow
Spiral of decline - closure of rail networks
Southall Broadway replaced by Western avenue and M4 motorway
Media/Civil Service/TNCs/Tourism
Social causes of change?
Relative culture tolerance - migration from old-empire and A8 for jobs
London suburbs a gateway point
Single parent/ uni student in cities, large houses become flats
Women at work
Gardens
Demographic causes of change?
End of Empire and WW2 rebuilding = mass immigration from South Asia and West Indies.
Workers willing to live in crowded and smaller housing
Continued high fertility rates in south Asian and Eastern European communities
Internal migration to London
What is PESD?
Political, Economic, Social, Demographic
What is SEE?
Social, Economic, Environmental
What are the social demands of change?
Fmr British Army recruited from India to factory in Southall
Religious diversity: 10 gurdwaras 10 churches 2 Hindu temple +
Skewed towards younger -> careers/uni
Neofascist racial tension in 1970s and riots in 1980s
Need for community health and social services
What are the economic demands of change?
Rapid Growth in employment (Heathrow’s virtuous circle)
Purple Parking
Investment in brownfield sites
Traffic congestion
Not enough family homes and increased demand -> prices c. 390k
National express coach link to Leicester and Birmingham
What are the environmental demands of change?
Deindustrialisation and derelict wastelands at Southall gas works (brownfield) - pollution and carcinogens
Limits to growth
M25 green belt (black park) to West, Heathrow to south, London to east
Conversion of factories to flats and apartments e.g. Hayes
What is the green belt?
An area around a city composed mostly of farmland and parkland in which development is strictly controlled. It’s purpose is to stop the outward spread of the city.
Social and economic impacts of the green belt?
More shops and convenience stores. Increase in population. More transport usage. Higher demand and cost of land.
Environmental impacts of the green belt?
Protection of natural environment. Improved air quality. Cleaner water. Limited land for use.
