Lesson 1 - Principles of Classification Flashcards
meaning biodiversity
a measure of the variety of living organisms and their genetic differences
meaning evolution
the process by which natural selection acts on variation to bring about adaptations and eventually speciation
meaning taxonomy
the science of describing, classifying and naming living organisms
meaning morphology
the study of the form and structure of organisms
meaning analogous features
features that look similar or have similar functions, but are not from the same biological origin
meaning homologous structures
structures that genuinely show common ancestry
meaning domains
the 3 largest classification categories, including the eukaryota, bacteria and archaea
meaning archaea domain
made up of bacteria-like prokaryotic organisms found in many places including extreme conditions and the soil. They are thought to be early relatives of the eukaryotes
meaning kingdom
the classification category smaller than domains
meaning phylum (division for plants)
a group of classes that all share common characteristics
meaning class
a group of orders that all share common characteristics
meaning order
a group of families that all share common characteristics
meaning family
a group of genera that all share common characteristics
meaning genus
a group of species that all share common characteristics
meaning species
a group of closely related organisms that are potentially capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring
meaning archaebacteria
ancient bacteria thought to be the oldest form of living organism
why do we need good classification systems
to make ancestral relationships clear
why do we classify
for biologists from different countries to be able to refer to the same organism
what did Carolus Linnaeus develop
the first scientifically devised classification system
which kingdom does the archaea domain contain
archaebacteria
which kingdom does the bacteria domain contain
eubacteria
which 4 kingdoms does the eukaryotic domain contain
- protoctista
- fungi
- plantae
- animalia
meaning eubacteria kingdom
the true bacteria
meaning protoctista kingdom
a diverse group of microscopic organisms which don’t below in any of the other kingdoms. They can be both heterotrophs or aytotrophs
meaning fungi kingdom
heterotrophic organisms that have a chitin cell wall. Most are saprophytic and some are parasitic
meaning plantae kingdom
autotrophic organisms which make their own food through photosynthesis, contain chlorophyll, and have a cellulose cell wall
meaning animalia kingdom
heterotrophic organisms that move their whole bodies around during at least on stage of their life cycle. They can either be invertebrates or vertebrates
state all the levels of classification in order
- domain
- kingdom
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
