Lesson 1 Plant Tissues

Question 1

Bryophytes

Answer 1

Mosses, Hornworts, and Liverworts

Question 2

Lycophytes

Answer 2

Fern Allies

Question 3

Pteridophytes

Answer 3

Ferns

Question 4

gymnosperms

Answer 4

Non-Flowering open seeded plants

Question 5

Angiosperms

Answer 5

Flowering plants

Question 6

Which ones are the non-plants?

Answer 6

Bacteria, Fungi, and Algae

Question 7

What are Cereals?
And what do they produce?

Answer 7

Fruits/ seeds of the grass family
Ex) Wheats, rice barley, sorghum, and millet
Have high carbohydrate

Question 8

What are Legumes?
And what nutrient to they pocess?

Answer 8

Bean family plants
Beans, peas, soybeans, alfalfa, and clovers
They produce protein and amino acids that cereals lack

Question 9

What does Terpenes do?

Answer 9

Many perfumes from flowers.

Question 10

What are phenolics?

Answer 10

They make the pigments in food and flavors.
Ex) Vanilla in vanilla beans

Question 11

What are Alkaloids?

Answer 11

Some affect the nervous system of animals
Ex) Narcotics and caffeine

Question 12

Which 2nd metabolites are addictive to humans?

Answer 12

Alkaloids

Question 13

What do plasmodesmata’s do?

Answer 13

They are on the outer cell wall and they connect to other plasmodesmata’s on the neighbor and exchange signals to each other.

Question 14

What are some organelles found in animal cells and not plants?

Answer 14

Flagellum, lysosome, and centriole

Question 15

What does it mean for a solution to be hypertonic?

Answer 15

This means that the solution has little to none H2O and mostly salt/something else

Question 16

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Answer 16

Plasmolysis

Question 17

What does it mean for a solution to be hypotonic?

Answer 17

This means the solution has a lot of water and little to none salt/something else

Question 18

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 18

Cytolysis

Question 19

What are the three plastids?

Answer 19

Chloroplast
Amyloplasts
Chromoplast

Question 20

What does amyloplast do?

Answer 20

Stores starch

Question 21

What does Chromoplast do?

Answer 21

It gives color to the plant/tissues

Question 22

What are the two types of cell walls?

Answer 22

Primary and Secondary

Question 23

What are the three types of meristematic tissues?

Answer 23

Apical
Lateral
Intercalary

Question 24

Where are the lateral meristems and found and what do they do for the plant?

Answer 24

They are only found in woody dicots at mature areas.
They increase the width and girth of the plant.
Ex) All they layers of wooden trees as they grow in age

Question 25

Where are the apical meristems found and what do they do?

Answer 25

They are found at the root and shoot of growing tips.
They increase the length and height in plants.

Question 26

Where are Intercalary meristems found and what do they do?

Answer 26

They are found at the nodes and internodes of the plant and are only found in monocots.
They increase the length of internodes.

Question 27

What are the three main types of tissue found in apical meristems?

Answer 27

Dermal Tissue (Epidermis)
Vascular Tissue
Ground Tissue(Cortex)

Question 28

What does the Epidermis do (Dermal Tissue)?

Answer 28

It is the protective layer

Question 29

What does the Vascular Tissue do?

Answer 29

Is is conductive tissue

Question 30

What does the Ground Tissue do (cortex) and where is it found/

Answer 30

It fills up the space and is usually found all around the cell and maybe even centered in the middle of it.

Question 31

Apical Meristems?

Answer 31

They cause primary growth.
Produces new leaves and flowers

Question 32

Lateral Meristems

Answer 32

Causes secondary growth.
Occurs at the cambium
Produces bark on trees

Question 33

What are all the simple tissues/cells in plants?

Answer 33

Parenchyma Cells
Collenchyma Cells
Sclerenchyma Cells

Question 34

What are some characteristics of Parenchyma Cells?

Answer 34

Very thin walls
Loosely packed cells
Varying shapes
Alive at maturity

Question 35

What are the functions of Parenchyma cells?

Answer 35

Stores food
Photosynthesis
Stores chemicals
Synthesis of chemicals

Question 36

What are some characteristics for Collenchyma Cells?

Answer 36

Irregularly thickened cells walls tightly packed
Cells elongated cell shape
Alive at maturity

Question 37

What are some functions of Collenchyma Cells?

Answer 37

Provide strength to young tender parts that need to bend and elongate

Question 38

What are the two types of Sclerenchyma Tissues/cells?

Answer 38

There are 2 types and they are dead cells.
Sclerenchyma Fibers
Sclereids

Question 39

What are the two types of Complex Tissues/Cells?

Answer 39

Vascular Tissue
Dermal Tissue

Question 39

What are the characteristics of Sclerenchyma Cells?
What is the function for these cells?

Answer 39

Elongated cells with tapering ends
Strong and Flexible
For strength

Question 40

What are the characteristics and functions of Sclereids?

Answer 40

Variable shapes
NOT elongated
Give the gritty texture to fruits
Found in seed coats
Ex) Pears

Question 41

What does the Dermal Tissue do?

Answer 41

for protection and exchange, contain
specialized cells

Question 42

What are Vascular Tissues?

Answer 42

Transport food, water, and other material throughout the plant
i.e. xylem and phloem

Question 43

What are Xylem tissues

Answer 43

Transport Water
2 Types
Xylem fibers (sclerenchyma)
Xylem parenchyma

Question 44

What are Phloem Tissue?

Answer 44

Transport food
Phloem Fibers (Sclerenchyma)
Phloem Parenchyma

Question 45

What are Sieve tubes and what kind of cell is usually next to it?

Answer 45

They are tubes that have lost their nucleus but are still alive wit cytoplasm.
Companion cells regulate the activities of sieve tubes