Lesson 1: Nature of Inquiry and Research Flashcards
A systematic investigation of observable phenomena where the researcher gathers quantitative or numerical data and subjects them to statistical methods.
Quantitative Research
4 Statistical Methods:
- Pearson’s r
- T-test
- ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)
- Multiple Regression
Main Goals of Quantitative Research:
- Test Hypotheses
- Explore causal relationship
- Make predictions
- Generalize findings within a
population
KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
- Descriptive
- Correlational
- Ex post facto
- Quasi-experimental
- Experimental
to observe and report on a certain
phenomenon (what kind of quantitative research)
Descriptive
to determine the nature of the relationship between variables without looking into the cause (what kind of quantitative research)
Correlational
to infer the causes of a
phenomenon which has already
occurred (what kind of quantitative research)
Ex post facto
to establish cause-and-effect
relationships (what kind of quantitative research)
Quasi-experimental
to establish cause-and-effect
relationships (what kind of quantitative research)
Experimental
element or entity which can be
measured for quantity or quality.
Variable
Quantitative Variable
DISCRETE VARIABLE
- can be counted/whole numbers
CONTINUOUS/INTERVAL VARIABLE
- ranges/non-whole numbers
Qualitative/Categorical Variable
DICHOTOMOUS VARIABLE
- have two (2) distinct categories or
values
NOMINAL VARIABLE
- have two or more categories
ORDINAL VARIABLE
- can be ranked or ordered
the variable that the researcher
manipulates or controls in an
experiment.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
the variable that is being observed
or measured to determine the
effect of the independent variable.
DEPENDENT VARIABLE (effect)
unwanted or irrelevant factors
that might introduce noise or
variability into the results.
EXTRANEOUS VARIABLE
