Lesson 1 Music Flashcards
Music has been a vital part of the lives of Africans, performed during rituals related to birth, marriage, death, and war.
Traditional music of Africa
What genres of music have deep roots in African music?
- Jazz
- Gospel
- Spiritual
- RnB
What influences shaped African music?
The fusion of traditional and European influences due to colonization.
Define Afrobeat.
A fusion of West African music with Black American music.
What is Apala (Akpala)?
A musical genre from Nigeria to wake up worshippers after fasting during Ramadan.
What characterizes Axe music?
It fuses Afro-Caribbean styles of marcha, reggae, and calypso.
Describe Jit music.
A hard and fast percussive Zimbabwean dance music played on drums.
What is Jive music?
A lively variation of the jitterbug, a form of swing dance from South Africa.
What defines Juju music?
A popular style from Nigeria relying on traditional Yoruba rhythms.
What is Kwassa Kwassa?
A dance style from Zaire characterized by hip movements and popularized by Kanda Bongo Man.
What is Marabi music?
A South African three-chord township music that evolved into African Jazz.
Define Maracatu.
A combination of strong African rhythms and Portuguese melodies, often paraded by many participants.
What are the characteristics of Blues music?
Expressive and soulful melodies performed widely in the late 19th century.
What is Soul music?
A genre combining elements of African-American gospel, rhythm and blues, and jazz from the 1950s and 1960s.
What is a Spiritual in the context of music?
A form created by African-American slaves to impart Christian values and express hardships.
What does Call and Response in African music refer to?
A question and answer sequence in human communication, often used in songs by slaves.
What are idiophones?
Instruments that produce sound by the body of the instrument vibrating.
Define Agogo.
A single or multiple bells considered the oldest samba instrument based on West African Yoruba. Highest pitch
What is a Shekere?
A gourd and shell megaphone from West Africa with beads woven into a net.
What is a Slit/Log drum?
A hollow percussion instrument, not a true drum, usually made from bamboo or wood. Slits in the top
What is the Atingting Kon?
A hollowed wooden cylinder struck to produce a deep tone, believed to resonate the voices of ancestors.
What is the Balafon?
A wooden xylophone or percussion idiophone playing melodic tunes, prominent since the 1300s.
What defines membranophones?
Instruments that produce sound by the vibration of a tightly stretched membrane.
What is Body percussion?
Using the body to produce sound through clapping, slapping, or foot shuffling.
What is a Talking drum?
Used to send messages for various announcements and believed to communicate with spirits.
Describe the Djembe.
A goblet-shaped drum from West Africa, played with bare hands and covered with goat skin.
What are lamellaphones?
Instruments that produce sound by the vibration of tongues of metal or wood.
Define Mbira.
A set of plucked tines mounted on a sound board, used for communication with spirits.
What is a Musical bow?
The ancestor of all string instruments, consisting of a single string attached to a curved stick.
What is the Zeze?
An African fiddle played with a bow or plucked, made of one or two steel strings.
What are aerophones?
Instruments that produce sound through the vibration of air.
Describe the Fulani
A widely used flute in Africa, fashioned from a single tube closed at one end.
What is a Kudu Horn?
Made from the horn of the kudu antelope, producing a mellow and warm sound.
