Lesson 1: Inventions and Innovations in the Field of Medical Laboratory

Question 1

the father of microbiology;
known for his work on the improvement of microscope

Answer 1

1660—Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 2

—discovered vaccination to establish
immunity to small pox; impact of contribution: immunology

Answer 2

1796—Edward Jenner

Question 3

identified organs by their
types of tissues; impact of contribution: histology

Answer 3

1880—Marie Francois Xavier Bichat

Question 4

—produced disease in worms by injection of
organic material—the beginning of bacteriology

Answer 4

1835—Agostino Bassi

Question 5

successfully produced immunity to rabies

Answer 5

1857—Louis Pasteur

Question 6

Enunciated his law of inherited
characteristics from studies on plants

Answer 6

1866—Gregor Mendel

Question 7

Demonstrated that surgical infections are
cause by airborne organisms

Answer 7

1870—Joseph Lister

Question 8

—presented the first pictures of bacilli
(anthrax), and later tubercle bacilli

Answer 8

1877—Robert Koch

Question 9

described phagocytes in blood and their
role in fighting infection

Answer 9

1886—Elie Metchnikoff

Question 10

—introduced steam sterilization in
surgery

Answer 10

1886—Ernst von Bergmann

Question 11

distinguished blood groups through the
development of the ABO blood group system

Answer 11

1902—Karl Landsteiner

Question 12

—developed immunologic tests
for syphilis

Answer 12

1906—August von Wassermann

Question 13

discovered microorganisms whose range
lies between bacteria and viruses called rickettsiae

Answer 13

1906—Howard Ricketts

Question 14

worked out the structure of hemoglobin

Answer 14

1929—Hans Fischer

Question 15

—developed poliomyelitis vaccine

Answer 15

1954—Jonas Salk

Question 16

introduced the westgard rules for
quality control in clinical laboratory

Answer 16

1973—James Westgard

Question 17

—introduced the hepatitis B
vaccine

Answer 17

1980—Baruch Samuel Blumberg

Question 18

—developed the polymerase chain reaction
(PCR)

Answer 18

1985—Kary Mullis

Question 19

introduced the intracytoplasmic
sperm injection (IVF)

Answer 19

1992—Andre van Steirteghem

Question 20

James Thomson—derived the first human stem cell line

Answer 20

1998